Caritas Christi Hospice & Department of Psychosocial Cancer Care Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, AustraliaDepartment of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, and Melbourne Conservatorium of Music, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Department of Psychosocial Cancer Care Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
J Music Ther. 2020 Jul 18;57(3):282-314. doi: 10.1093/jmt/thaa006.
Bonny Method of Guided Imagery and Music emerged following discontinuation of psychedelic therapy research in the early 1970s, but psychedelic therapy research has since revived. Music remains a vital component. This study examined participants' experiences of music in psychedelic therapy research. A rapid review of qualitative and quantitative journal articles in four major databases was conducted in February to April, 2019, using the terms hallucinogens, psychedelic, "lysergic acid diethylamide," psilocybin, ayahuasca, music, and/or "music therapy." Of 406 articles retrieved, 10 were included (n = 180; 18-69 years old). Participants had varied backgrounds. Music was widely considered integral for meaningful emotional and imagery experiences and self-exploration during psychedelic therapy. Music transformed through its elicitation of anthropomorphic, transportive, synesthetic, and material sensations. Music could convey love, carry listeners to other realms, be something to "hold," inspire, and elicit a deep sense of embodied transformation. Therapeutic influence was especially evident in music's dichotomous elicitations: Music could simultaneously anchor and propel. Participant openness to music and provision of participant-centered music were associated with optimal immediate and longer-term outcomes. Many studies reported scarce details about the music used and incidental findings of music experienced. Further understanding of participants' idiosyncratic and shared responses to music during drug therapy phases will inform optimal development of flexible music protocols which enhance psychedelic therapy. Music therapists could be involved in the psychedelic therapy research renaissance through assisting with research to optimize music-based protocols used. If psychedelics become approved medicines, music therapists may be involved in offering psychedelic therapy as part of therapeutic teams.
邦尼方法引导意象和音乐出现在 20 世纪 70 年代早期迷幻疗法研究停止之后，但迷幻疗法研究此后又恢复了。音乐仍然是一个重要组成部分。本研究调查了参与者在迷幻疗法研究中对音乐的体验。2019 年 2 月至 4 月，在四个主要数据库中对定性和定量期刊文章进行了快速审查，使用的术语有迷幻剂、迷幻、“麦角酸二乙酰胺”、赛洛西宾、阿育吠陀、音乐和/或“音乐疗法”。在检索到的 406 篇文章中，有 10 篇被纳入（n=180；年龄 18-69 岁）。参与者的背景各不相同。音乐被广泛认为是迷幻疗法中进行有意义的情感和意象体验以及自我探索不可或缺的一部分。音乐通过引起拟人化、转移、联觉和物质感觉而发生变化。音乐可以传达爱，将听众带到其他领域，可以作为“寄托”，激发并引起深刻的身体转变感。音乐的治疗影响在其二元激发中尤为明显：音乐既可以锚定又可以推动。参与者对音乐的开放态度和提供以参与者为中心的音乐与即时和更长期的最佳结果相关。许多研究报告了关于所使用音乐的细节很少，以及对音乐体验的偶然发现。进一步了解参与者在药物治疗阶段对音乐的个性化和共同反应，将为优化增强迷幻疗法的灵活音乐方案提供信息。音乐治疗师可以通过协助研究来优化使用的基于音乐的方案，参与迷幻疗法研究的复兴。如果迷幻剂成为批准的药物，音乐治疗师可能会参与提供迷幻疗法作为治疗团队的一部分。
