Tüzün Ahmet Engin, Olgun Osman, Yıldız Alp Önder, Şentürk Esra Tuğçe
Kocarlı Vocational School, Adnan Menderes University, Kocarlı, 09970 Aydın, Turkey.
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130 Konya, Turkey.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Apr 13;10(4):680. doi: 10.3390/ani10040680.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary sunflower meal (SFM) and multi-enzyme levels on performance, carcass traits, intestinal histomorphology and pancreatic enzyme production in quails. Three hundred and twenty, 1-day-old quail chicks were divided into 8 groups with 4 replicates consisting of 10 birds each in the group. The experiment was randomized design consisting of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, with four levels of SFM (0%, 10%, 15%, or 20%) and two levels of multi-enzyme (0.0 or 1.0 g/kg) inclusion in the diet. The body weight, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were negatively influenced by the 15% and 20% SFM ( < 0.01) but were not affected by the 10% SFM for 6 week age. The relative gizzard ( < 0.05) weights significantly increased with 20% SFM, but the relative breast weight decreased ( < 0.01). The relative liver weight increased by the addition of enzymes in the diet ( < 0.05). The villus width ( < 0.01) and villus surface area ( < 0.05) of ileum increased linearly with SFM, whereas the villus height ( < 0.01), villus height: crypt depth ( < 0.01) and tunica muscularis thickness ( < 0.01) decreased linearly with SFM. Consequently, it is possible to say that the birds with the least absorptive same weight are the most efficient. The addition of multi-enzyme increased villus height and crypt depth but decreased tunica muscularis thickness of ileum ( < 0.01). Chymotrypsin activity in the pancreas decreased linearly with SFM ( < 0.01). Amylase activity in the pancreas decreased significantly with the addition of the multi-enzyme ( < 0.05). As a result of the study, SFM can be used at a 10% level in growing quail diets with beneficial effects on the absorption surface area. The effects of enzyme supplementation on parameters measured were less pronounced than the SFM inclusion level that higher villus height and lower tunica muscularis thickness were determined in multi-enzyme-fed birds compared to those untreated counterparts.
本研究旨在探讨日粮中向日葵粕（SFM）和复合酶水平对鹌鹑生产性能、胴体性状、肠道组织形态及胰腺酶分泌的影响。320只1日龄鹌鹑雏鸡被分为8组，每组4个重复，每组10只。试验采用随机设计，为4×2析因安排，日粮中SFM有4个水平（0%、10%、15%或20%），复合酶有2个水平（0.0或1.0 g/kg）。15%和20%的SFM对6周龄鹌鹑的体重、体重增加和饲料转化率有负面影响（P<0.01），但10%的SFM对其无影响。20%的SFM使腺胃相对重量显著增加（P<0.05），但胸肌相对重量下降（P<0.01）。日粮中添加酶使肝脏相对重量增加（P<0.05）。回肠绒毛宽度（P<0.01）和绒毛表面积（P<0.05）随SFM水平呈线性增加，而绒毛高度（P<0.01）、绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比（P<0.01）和肌层厚度（P<0.01）随SFM水平呈线性下降。因此，可以说相同体重下吸收能力最差的鸟类效率最高。添加复合酶增加了回肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度，但降低了回肠肌层厚度（P<0.01）。胰腺中胰凝乳蛋白酶活性随SFM水平呈线性下降（P<0.01）。日粮中添加复合酶使胰腺淀粉酶活性显著降低（P<0.05）。研究结果表明，SFM可在生长鹌鹑日粮中以10%的水平使用，对吸收表面积有有益影响。与未添加复合酶的鹌鹑相比，添加复合酶对所测参数的影响不如SFM添加水平明显，添加复合酶的鹌鹑绒毛高度更高，肌层厚度更低。
