Department of Cancer Division, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL 32827, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Apr 16;21(8):2774. doi: 10.3390/ijms21082774.
Lung cancer is one of the deadliest forms of cancer affecting society today. Non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), through the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic changes they impose, have been found to be dysregulated to affect lung cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis. This review will briefly summarize hallmarks involved in lung cancer initiation and progression. For initiation, these hallmarks include tumor initiating cells, immortalization, activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressors. Hallmarks involved in lung cancer progression include metastasis and drug tolerance and resistance. The targeting of these hallmarks with non-coding RNAs can affect vital metabolic and cell signaling pathways, which as a result can potentially have a role in cancerous and pathological processes. By further understanding non-coding RNAs, researchers can work towards diagnoses and treatments to improve early detection and clinical response.
肺癌是当今社会影响最大的致命癌症之一。非编码 RNA，如 microRNAs (miRNAs)、长非编码 RNA (lncRNAs) 和环状 RNA (circRNAs)，通过它们施加的转录、转录后和表观遗传变化，已经被发现失调，从而影响肺癌的发生和转移。本综述将简要总结肺癌发生和进展所涉及的特征。在起始阶段，这些特征包括肿瘤起始细胞、永生化、癌基因的激活和肿瘤抑制基因的失活。与肺癌进展相关的特征包括转移和药物耐受和耐药性。用非编码 RNA 靶向这些特征可以影响重要的代谢和细胞信号通路，从而可能在癌变和病理过程中发挥作用。通过进一步了解非编码 RNA，研究人员可以致力于诊断和治疗，以提高早期检测和临床反应。
