埃塞俄比亚中南部城市兹怀的年轻儿童中幽门螺杆菌感染的个体和家庭相关因素。
Individual and household correlates of Helicobacter pylori infection among Young Ethiopian children in Ziway, Central Ethiopia.
机构信息
Department of Biology, Colgate University, 214 Olin Hall, 13 Oak Dr., Hamilton, NY, 13346, USA.
Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Infect Dis. 2020 Apr 25;20(1):310. doi: 10.1186/s12879-020-05043-1.
BACKGROUND
Investigating distinct individual- and household-level risk factors for acquiring Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection can inform disease prevention efforts and implicate possible routes of transmission. This study determined the magnitude of H. pylori infection among schoolchildren in Ziway, central Ethiopia and identified personal and household correlates of H. pylori infection in young Ethiopian children.
METHODS
A total of 434 schoolchildren participated in this cross-sectional study. Infection status was assessed using antigen and antibody rapid tests. Demographic and lifestyle information was obtained from parents via an interviewer-led questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to assess the relationships between potential individual- and household-level risk factors and H. pylori infection.
RESULTS
The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 65.7% (285/434). Of the personal variables assessed, the age group 10-14 years was found to be significantly associated with higher odds of H. pylori infection in univariate analysis (COR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.06-4.66, p = 0.03) and remained positively correlated after adjusting for confounding factors. Of the household-level factors explored, having a traditional pit or no toilet was found to be significantly associated with 3.93-fold higher odds of H. pylori infection (AOR = 3.93, 95% CI: 1.51-10.3, p = 0.01), while the presence of smokers in the household was associated with 68% lower odds of infection (AOR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.11-0.89, p = 0.03).
CONCLUSION
This study from a developing country provides additional evidence for older age as a personal risk factor for H. pylori infection and identifies correlations between socioeconomic and sanitation household factors and positive childhood infection status. The associations reported here support the hypothesized fecal-oralroute of transmission for H. pylori.
背景
研究获得幽门螺杆菌（H. pylori）感染的个体和家庭层面的不同风险因素，可以为疾病预防工作提供信息，并暗示可能的传播途径。本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚中部济瓦伊地区学童中 H. pylori 感染的程度，并确定年轻的埃塞俄比亚儿童中 H. pylori 感染的个人和家庭相关因素。
方法
共有 434 名学生参与了这项横断面研究。使用抗原和抗体快速检测来评估感染状况。通过访谈者主导的问卷从家长那里获得人口统计学和生活方式信息。进行单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，以评估潜在的个体和家庭层面的风险因素与 H. pylori 感染之间的关系。
结果
H. pylori 感染的患病率为 65.7%（285/434）。在所评估的个人变量中，年龄组 10-14 岁在单变量分析中被发现与 H. pylori 感染的更高几率显著相关（COR=2.22，95%CI：1.06-4.66，p=0.03），并且在调整混杂因素后仍然呈正相关。在所探索的家庭层面因素中，有传统坑或没有厕所与 H. pylori 感染的几率增加 3.93 倍显著相关（AOR=3.93，95%CI：1.51-10.3，p=0.01），而家庭中存在吸烟者与感染几率降低 68%显著相关（AOR=0.32，95%CI：0.11-0.89，p=0.03）。
结论
这项来自发展中国家的研究提供了更多证据表明年龄较大是 H. pylori 感染的个人风险因素，并确定了社会经济和卫生家庭因素与儿童感染状况之间的相关性。这里报告的关联支持 H. pylori 通过粪-口途径传播的假设。
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