The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK.
Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
Trends Parasitol. 2020 Jun;36(6):545-559. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2020.04.003. Epub 2020 Apr 28.
Despite ongoing efforts, a highly effective vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum remains elusive. Vaccines targeting the pre-erythrocytic stages of the P. falciparum life cycle are the most advanced to date, affording moderate levels of efficacy in field trials. However, the discovery that the members of the merozoite PfRH5-PfCyRPA-PfRipr (RCR) complex are capable of inducing strain-transcendent neutralizing antibodies has renewed enthusiasm for the possibility of preventing disease by targeting the parasite during the blood stage of infection. With Phase I/II clinical trials now underway using first-generation vaccines against PfRH5, and more on the horizon for PfCyRPA and PfRipr, this review explores the rationale and future potential of the RCR complex as a P. falciparum vaccine target.
尽管在不断努力，但仍未能研发出针对恶性疟原虫的高效疫苗。目前最先进的疫苗是针对疟原虫生命周期的红细胞前期阶段的疫苗，在现场试验中提供了中等水平的功效。然而，发现裂殖子 PfRH5-PfCyRPA-PfRipr（RCR）复合物的成员能够诱导具有菌株跨越能力的中和抗体，这重新激发了通过在感染的血液阶段针对寄生虫来预防疾病的可能性。目前正在进行针对 PfRH5 的第一代疫苗的 I/II 期临床试验，而针对 PfCyRPA 和 PfRipr 的临床试验也即将开展，本综述探讨了 RCR 复合物作为恶性疟原虫疫苗靶点的合理性和未来潜力。
