乳酸菌作为潜在益生菌对乌鳢（Channa argus）生长、免疫反应和抗病能力的单一或联合作用。
Effects of single or conjoint administration of lactic acid bacteria as potential probiotics on growth, immune response and disease resistance of snakehead fish (Channa argus).
机构信息
College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China.
出版信息
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2020 Jul;102:412-421. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.05.003. Epub 2020 May 7.
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has been documented to promoting growth, enhancing immunity and disease resistance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the single or conjoint effects of Lactococcus lactis L19 (Genbank: MT102745.1) and Enterococcus faecalis W24 (Genbank: MT102746.1) isolated from the intestine of Channa argus (C. argus) on growth performance, immune response and disease resistance of C. argus. A total of 720 apparently healthy C. argus (9.50 ± 0.03 g) were randomly divided into four equal groups. Fish were fed with a basal diet (CK) supplemented with L. lactis (L19), E. faecalis (W24), and L. lactis L19 + E. faecalis W24 (L + W) at 1.0 × 10 cfu/g basal diet for 56 days. After feeding, the final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), feed efficiency ratio (FER), specific growth rate (SGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) had significantly increased (p < 0.05), especially with L19. The results indicated that single or conjoint administration of LAB as potential probiotics can induce high levels of IgM, ACP, AKP, LZM, C3 and C4 activity in serum, which may effectively induce humoral immunity, and L19 induce even higher levels. Meanwhile, when compared to CK group, the results of qPCR showed that LAB administration significantly up-regulated (p < 0.05) the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, HSP70, HSP90, TGF-β in the spleen, head kidney, gill, liver and intestine of C. argus. After challenge with Aeromonas veronii, the survival rates in all LAB-fed groups were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of the CK group, and the L19 group showed the highest (63.3%) disease resistance. Our data indicated that L. lactis L19 and E. faecalis W24, as a feed additive at 1.0 × 10 cfu/g feed, could promote growth performance, enhance immune response and disease resistance of C. argus, with greatest effects in fish fed L. lactis L19 for 56 days. Hence, these LAB additives could be used as promising probiotics for C. argus. L19 was more effective than W24 or the mixture of the two for promoting growth performance, enhancing immune response and disease resistance of C. argus.
乳酸菌（LAB）已被证明能促进生长、增强免疫力和抗病能力。本研究旨在评估从乌鳢（C. argus）肠道中分离出的乳球菌（Lactococcus lactis）L19（Genbank：MT102745.1）和粪肠球菌（Enterococcus faecalis）W24（Genbank：MT102746.1）的单一或联合作用对乌鳢生长性能、免疫反应和抗病能力的影响。将 720 条表型健康的乌鳢（9.50±0.03g）随机分为四等份。鱼用基础饲料（CK）喂养，基础饲料中添加乳球菌（L19）、肠球菌（W24）和乳球菌 L19+肠球菌 W24（L+W），剂量为 1.0×10cfu/g 基础饲料，喂养 56 天。喂养后，最终体重（FBW）、体重增加（WG）、饲料效率比（FER）、特定生长率（SGR）和蛋白质效率比（PER）显著提高（p<0.05），特别是添加 L19。结果表明，LAB 作为潜在益生菌的单一或联合给药可诱导血清中 IgM、ACP、AKP、LZM、C3 和 C4 活性的高水平，这可能有效诱导体液免疫，而 L19 诱导的水平更高。同时，与 CK 组相比，qPCR 结果显示 LAB 给药显著上调（p<0.05）了乌鳢脾脏、头肾、鳃、肝和肠中 IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α、IFN-γ、HSP70、HSP90 和 TGF-β的表达。用维氏气单胞菌攻毒后，所有添加 LAB 的组的存活率均显著高于 CK 组（p<0.05），而 L19 组的抗病能力最高（63.3%）。我们的数据表明，乳球菌 L19 和粪肠球菌 W24 作为饲料添加剂，剂量为 1.0×10cfu/g 饲料，可促进乌鳢的生长性能，增强免疫反应和抗病能力，其中 L19 喂养 56 天的效果最大。因此，这些 LAB 添加剂可作为乌鳢有前途的益生菌。与 W24 或两者的混合物相比，L19 更有效地促进了乌鳢的生长性能、增强了免疫反应和抗病能力。
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