短信干预在内蒙古 2 型糖尿病患者中的作用：一项随机对照试验。
The role of text messaging intervention in Inner Mongolia among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial.
机构信息
Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China.
Department of Medicine, Hetao College, Bayan Nur, China.
出版信息
BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2020 May 14;20(1):90. doi: 10.1186/s12911-020-01129-7.
BACKGROUND
Short messages service (SMS) provides a practical medium for delivering content to address patients to adherence to self-management. The aim of study was to design some patient-centered health education messages, evaluate the feasibility of messages, and explore the effect of this model.
METHODS
The messages were designed by a panel of experts, and SMS Quality Evaluation Questionnaire was used to evaluate their quality. A two-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of this management model. Participants were randomly divided into an intervention group (IG) who received evaluated messages and a control group (CG) who received regular education. The primary outcomes were changes in plasma glucose and control rates, and the secondary outcomes were improvements in diet control, physical activities, weight control, etc. RESULTS: A total of 42 messages covering five main domains: health awareness, diet control, physical activities, living habits and weight control were designed, and the average scores of the messages were 8.0 (SD 0.7), 8.5 (SD 0.6), 7.9 (SD 1.0), 8.0 (SD 0.7), and 8.4 (SD 0.9), respectively. In the SMS intervention, 171 patients with an average age of 55.1 years were involved, including 86 in the CG and 85 in the IG. At 12 months, compared with the control group (CG), the decrease of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (1.5 vs. 0.4, P = 0.011) and control rate (49.4% vs. 33.3%, P = 0.034), the postprandial glucose (PPG) (5.8 vs. 4.2, P = 0.009) and control rate (57.8% vs. 33.7%, P = 0.002) were better in the intervention group (IG). In terms of self-management, improvements in weight control (49.3% vs. 28.2%, P = 0.031), vegetables consumption (87.3% vs. 29.0%, P < 0.001), fruits consumption (27.5% vs. 7.4%, P = 0.022), and physical activities (84.7% vs. 70.0%, P = 0.036) were better in the IG than in the CG.
CONCLUSIONS
The overall quality of the messages was high. It was effective and feasible to carry out an SMS intervention to improve the behavioral habits of patients with chronic diseases in remote and undeveloped areas.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Clinicaltrials.gov, ChiCTR1900023445. Registered May 28, 2019--Retrospectively registered.
背景
短信服务（SMS）为向患者提供与自我管理相关的内容以提高其遵医性提供了一种实用的媒介。本研究旨在设计一些以患者为中心的健康教育信息，并评估这些信息的可行性，同时探索该模型的效果。
方法
通过专家组设计短信内容，并使用短信质量评估问卷评估其质量。采用双臂随机对照试验评估该管理模式的效果。参与者被随机分为干预组（IG）和对照组（CG），分别接受评估后的信息和常规教育。主要结局指标为血浆葡萄糖和控制率的变化，次要结局指标为饮食控制、体育活动、体重控制等方面的改善。
结果
共设计了涵盖五个主要领域的 42 条短信：健康意识、饮食控制、体育活动、生活习惯和体重控制，短信的平均得分分别为 8.0（SD 0.7）、8.5（SD 0.6）、7.9（SD 1.0）、8.0（SD 0.7）和 8.4（SD 0.9）。在短信干预中，纳入了 171 名平均年龄为 55.1 岁的患者，其中 CG 组 86 例，IG 组 85 例。12 个月时，与 CG 组相比，IG 组空腹血糖（FPG）下降幅度更大（1.5 比 0.4，P=0.011），控制率更高（49.4%比 33.3%，P=0.034），餐后血糖（PPG）下降幅度更大（5.8 比 4.2，P=0.009），控制率更高（57.8%比 33.7%，P=0.002）。在自我管理方面，IG 组在体重控制（49.3%比 28.2%，P=0.031）、蔬菜摄入（87.3%比 29.0%，P<0.001）、水果摄入（27.5%比 7.4%，P=0.022）和体育活动（84.7%比 70.0%，P=0.036）方面的改善更为明显。
结论
信息的整体质量较高。在偏远和欠发达地区开展短信干预以改善慢性病患者的行为习惯是有效且可行的。
试验注册
Clinicaltrials.gov，ChiCTR1900023445。注册于 2019 年 5 月 28 日——回顾性注册。
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