儿童眼部蠕形螨感染的流行情况：中国南方的一项流行病学调查。

Prevalence of Ocular Demodex Infestation in Children: An Epidemiological Survey in South China.

机构信息

State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Department of Cornea, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

出版信息

Eye Contact Lens. 2021 Jan 1;47(1):60-64. doi: 10.1097/ICL.0000000000000705.

DOI:10.1097/ICL.0000000000000705

PMID:32443007

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for Demodex mite infestation of the eyelashes in Chinese children.

METHODS

A total of 1,575 children were surveyed from June 2017 to January 2019 and stratified into two age groups: 3 to 6 and 7 to 14 years. All subjects underwent routine eye examination and lash epilation for Demodex mite identification and counting using microscopy. Demographic data and lifestyle habits were also recorded.

RESULTS

Demodex mites were detected in 189 of 1,575 (12.0%) children, including Demodex folliculorum (D. folliculorum) in 180 (11.4%), Demodex brevis (D. brevis) in 11 (0.7%), and both mites in 2 (0.1%). The median number of D. folliculorum mites was 1 (interquartile range [IQR], 1-2) and that of D. brevis was 1 (IQR, 1-1). Children with Demodex infestation did not exhibit more ocular discomfort than those without (21.2% vs. 23.1%; P=0.56). However, lash abnormalities, including trichiasis, cylindrical dandruff, or scaly discharge at the lash root, were more prevalent in children with Demodex infestation (24.9% vs. 12.8%; P<0.001) and in the 7 to 14-year subgroup (33.7% vs. 12.8%; P<0.001). Multiple logistic regression revealed that autumn-winter was associated with a higher detection rate of Demodex infestation (all P<0.05). In the 3-6-year subgroup, children residing in rural regions exhibited a higher prevalence of Demodex infestation (P=0.03).

CONCLUSIONS

Ocular Demodex infestation, with a low Demodex mite count, was found in healthy Chinese children aged 3 to 14 years.

摘要

目的

调查中国儿童睫毛蠕形螨感染的流行情况和危险因素。

方法

2017 年 6 月至 2019 年 1 月，对 1575 名儿童进行了调查，并分为两个年龄组：3-6 岁和 7-14 岁。所有受试者均接受常规眼部检查和睫毛拔取，以显微镜检查鉴定和计数蠕形螨。还记录了人口统计学数据和生活方式习惯。

结果

在 1575 名儿童中，有 189 名（12.0%）儿童检测出蠕形螨，其中包括毛囊蠕形螨（D. folliculorum）180 名（11.4%）、短须蠕形螨（D. brevis）11 名（0.7%）和两种螨虫各 2 名（0.1%）。D. folliculorum 螨虫的中位数为 1（四分位距 [IQR]，1-2），D. brevis 的中位数为 1（IQR，1-1）。蠕形螨感染的儿童与无蠕形螨感染的儿童相比，眼部不适的发生率并无差异（21.2% vs. 23.1%；P=0.56）。然而，睫毛异常，包括倒睫、圆柱状皮屑或睫毛根部鳞屑样分泌物，在蠕形螨感染的儿童中更为常见（24.9% vs. 12.8%；P<0.001），在 7-14 岁亚组中更为常见（33.7% vs. 12.8%；P<0.001）。多因素逻辑回归显示，秋冬季节与更高的蠕形螨感染检出率相关（均 P<0.05）。在 3-6 岁亚组中，居住在农村地区的儿童蠕形螨感染发生率更高（P=0.03）。