Sugarman I D, Adam I, Bunker T D
Department of Orthopaedics, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham.
Injury. 1988 Sep;19(5):336-8. doi: 10.1016/0020-1383(88)90107-6.
Radiation dosages to both the patient and the surgeon were measured during 10 consecutive AO locking nail procedures. The total screening time for each procedure averaged 12 min 8 s; the average screening time for distal locking was 6 min 52 s. Radiation dosages to surgeons' hands, thyroid and gonads and to the patients were well within permitted safety levels.