Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia.
Department of Health Sciences, Lehman College, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
J Sport Health Sci. 2021 Sep;10(5):530-536. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.06.010. Epub 2020 Jun 21.
In this review, we critically evaluate studies directly comparing the effects of plyometric vs. resistance training on skeletal muscle hypertrophy.
We conducted electronic searches of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science to find studies that explored the effects of plyometric vs. resistance training on muscle hypertrophy.
Eight relevant studies were included in the review. Six studies compared the effects of plyometric vs. resistance training on muscle hypertrophy, while 2 studies explored the effects of combining plyometric and resistance training vs. isolated resistance training on acute anabolic signaling or muscle hypertrophy. Based on the results of these studies, we conclude that plyometric and resistance training may produce similar effects on whole muscle hypertrophy for the muscle groups of the lower extremities. Therefore, it seems that plyometric training has a greater potential for inducing increases in muscle size than previously thought. Despite the findings observed at the whole muscle level, the evidence for the effects of plyometric training on hypertrophy on the muscle fiber level is currently limited for drawing inferences. Compared to isolated resistance training, combining plyometric and resistance exercise does not seem to produce additive effects on anabolic signaling or muscle growth; however, this area requires future study. The limitations of the current body of evidence are that the findings are specific to (a) musculature of the lower extremities, (b) short-term training interventions that lasted up to 12 weeks, and (c) previously untrained or recreationally active participants.
This review highlights that plyometric and resistance training interventions may produce similar effects on whole muscle hypertrophy, at least for the muscle groups of the lower extremities, in untrained and recreationally trained individuals, and over short-term (i.e., ≤12 weeks) intervention periods.
在这篇综述中，我们批判性地评估了直接比较增强式训练与抗阻训练对骨骼肌肥大影响的研究。
我们对 PubMed/MEDLINE、Scopus、SPORTDiscus 和 Web of Science 进行了电子检索，以寻找探讨增强式训练与抗阻训练对肌肉肥大影响的研究。
本综述纳入了 8 项相关研究。其中 6 项研究比较了增强式训练与抗阻训练对肌肉肥大的影响，而 2 项研究探讨了将增强式训练与抗阻训练相结合与单独进行抗阻训练对急性合成代谢信号或肌肉肥大的影响。基于这些研究的结果，我们得出结论，增强式训练和抗阻训练可能对下肢肌肉的整体肌肉肥大产生相似的影响。因此，似乎增强式训练在诱导肌肉增大方面比之前认为的更有潜力。尽管在整体肌肉水平上观察到了这些发现，但关于增强式训练对肌肉纤维水平肥大影响的证据目前还很有限，无法得出结论。与单独进行抗阻训练相比，将增强式训练与抗阻运动相结合似乎不会对合成代谢信号或肌肉生长产生附加效应；然而，这一领域需要进一步研究。目前证据的局限性在于，这些发现仅适用于（a）下肢肌肉，（b）持续时间长达 12 周的短期训练干预，以及（c）未经训练或有规律运动的参与者。
本综述强调，增强式训练和抗阻训练干预可能对未经训练和有规律运动的个体的下肢肌肉等整体肌肉肥大产生相似的影响，至少在短期（即≤12 周）干预期间是如此。
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