Transcriptome analysis of the Sepia pharaonis: Identification of low salinity stress-related information and microsatellite markers.

Sepia pharaonis has great commercial value for aquaculture. However, it is sensitive to salinity fluctuations and lacking in genomic information. The present work utilized high-throughput transcriptome sequencing to assess the effect of low salinity (22.0 ppt) on gills of S. pharaonis. 6153 genes were identified as differentially expressed (p < 0.05), of which 3340 were increased and 2813 were decreased in low salinity group (22.0 ppt) relative to the control group (29.0 ppt). Subsequently, these DEGs were allocated to 226 KEGG pathways and 491 GO terms. Analysis of the transcriptome sequences and DEGs identified several unigenes and pathways involved in salt stress regulation. Moreover, the S. pharaonis carried 101,576 simple sequence repeats (SSRs). This is the first time osmoregulation in S. pharaonis has been explored by transcriptome sequencing. The data presented here reveals key insights into the genetic markers of salt stress in S. pharaonis.