Ricci Antonia, Allende Ana, Bolton Declan, Chemaly Marianne, Davies Robert, Fernández Escámez Pablo Salvador, Gironés Rosina, Herman Lieve, Koutsoumanis Kostas, Lindqvist Roland, Nørrung Birgit, Robertson Lucy, Ru Giuseppe, Sanaa Moez, Skandamis Panagiotis, Snary Emma, Speybroeck Niko, Kuile Benno Ter, Threlfall John, Wahlström Helene, Benestad Sylvie, Gavier-Widen Dolores, Miller Michael W, Telling Glenn C, Tryland Morten, Latronico Francesca, Ortiz-Pelaez Angel, Stella Pietro, Simmons Marion
EFSA J. 2018 Jan 17;16(1):e05132. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5132. eCollection 2018 Jan.
The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific opinion on chronic wasting disease in two parts. Part one, on surveillance, animal health risk-based measures and public health risks, was published in January 2017. This opinion (part two) addresses the remaining Terms of Reference, namely, 'are the conclusions and recommendations in the EFSA opinion of June 2004 on diagnostic methods for chronic wasting disease still valid? If not, an update should be provided', and 'update the conclusions of the 2010 EFSA opinion on the results of the European Union survey on chronic wasting disease in cervids, as regards its occurrence in the cervid population in the European Union'. Data on the performance of authorised rapid tests in North America are not comprehensive, and are more limited than those available for the tests approved for statutory transmissible spongiform encephalopathies surveillance applications in cattle and sheep. There are no data directly comparing available rapid test performances in cervids. The experience in Norway shows that the Bio-Rad TeSeE™ SAP test, immunohistochemistry and western blotting have detected reindeer, moose and red deer cases. It was shown that testing both brainstem and lymphoid tissue from each animal increases the surveillance sensitivity. Shortcomings in the previous EU survey limited the reliability of inferences that could be made about the potential disease occurrence in Europe. Subsequently, testing activity in Europe was low, until the detection of the disease in Norway, triggering substantial testing efforts in that country. Available data neither support nor refute the conclusion that chronic wasting disease does not occur widely in the EU and do not preclude the possibility that the disease was present in Europe before the survey was conducted. It appears plausible that chronic wasting disease could have become established in Norway more than a decade ago.
欧盟委员会就慢性消耗病分两部分向欧洲食品安全局征求科学意见。第一部分关于监测、基于动物健康风险的措施和公共卫生风险，于2017年1月发布。本意见（第二部分）涉及其余职权范围，即“欧洲食品安全局2004年6月关于慢性消耗病诊断方法的意见中的结论和建议是否仍然有效？如果无效，应提供更新内容”，以及“更新欧洲食品安全局2010年关于欧盟鹿类慢性消耗病调查结果的意见结论，涉及该病在欧盟鹿类种群中的发生情况”。北美授权快速检测的性能数据不全面，且比用于牛和羊法定可传播海绵状脑病监测应用的获批检测数据更有限。没有直接比较鹿类现有快速检测性能的数据。挪威的经验表明，伯乐生命医学科技公司的TeSeE™ SAP检测、免疫组织化学和蛋白质印迹法已检测到驯鹿、驼鹿和马鹿病例。结果表明，对每只动物的脑干和淋巴组织进行检测可提高监测敏感性。先前欧盟调查中的缺陷限制了对欧洲潜在疾病发生情况进行推断的可靠性。随后，欧洲的检测活动较少，直到在挪威检测到该病，促使该国展开大量检测工作。现有数据既不支持也不反驳慢性消耗病在欧盟未广泛发生的结论，也不排除该病在调查开展之前就已在欧洲存在的可能性。慢性消耗病似乎在十多年前就可能已在挪威传播开来，这似乎是合理的。
