Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan.
Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2194, Japan.
J Physiol Anthropol. 2020 Jul 22;39(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s40101-020-00226-w.
Human brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity has beneficial effects on body composition and glucose metabolism. A previous study reported that beta-conglycinin intake induced postprandial fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) secretion, thereby promoting adipose tissue thermogenesis in mice. Since it has not been evaluated whether beta-conglycinin intake is associated with induced FGF21 secretion and BAT thermogenesis in humans, the current study examined the effects of beta-conglycinin intake on circulating FGF21 level and BAT activity.
Twenty-two healthy young male subjects participated. This study consisted of 2 interventional studies. In one of them, the effects of single beta-conglycinin intake at thermoneutral temperature on circulating FGF21 levels were examined (n = 7). The other study was a single-blinded randomized crossover trial of 2 weeks (n = 14). The subjects were exposed to mild cold conditions using a climatic chamber, and BAT activity was analyzed using thermography. Serum FGF21 level was determined by ELISA in these studies.
In the single intake study, serum FGF21 level was the highest before beta-conglycinin intake and gradually and significantly decreased throughout the 2-h experimental period (P < 0.05). The randomized crossover trial showed that 2-week beta-conglycinin intake did not affect serum FGF21 level and BAT activity, whereas changes (Δ) in baseline levels of serum FGF21 were positively correlated with Δ BAT activity (P < 0.05). In addition, analysis of each group revealed that there was significant correlation between the Δ serum FGF21 level and Δ BAT activity in the beta-conglycinin group (P < 0.05), but not in the placebo group.
This study reveals that although serum FGF21 levels are not increased by a single or short-term intake of beta-conglycinin, the Δ basal FGF21 level is associated with Δ BAT activity. These results suggest that human FGF21 responsiveness is different from that of rodents and support the importance of FGF21 in human BAT thermogenesis.
This study is registered with University Hospital Medical Information Network in Japan (number 000038723, https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000043942 ).
人类棕色脂肪组织（BAT）的活性对身体成分和葡萄糖代谢有有益影响。先前的一项研究报告称，β-伴大豆球蛋白摄入诱导餐后成纤维细胞生长因子 21（FGF21）分泌，从而促进小鼠脂肪组织产热。由于尚未评估β-伴大豆球蛋白摄入是否与人类诱导的 FGF21 分泌和 BAT 产热有关，因此本研究检查了β-伴大豆球蛋白摄入对循环 FGF21 水平和 BAT 活性的影响。
22 名健康年轻男性受试者参与了这项研究。该研究包括 2 项干预研究。其中一项研究在 thermoneutral 温度下单次摄入β-伴大豆球蛋白对循环 FGF21 水平的影响（n = 7）。另一项研究是一项为期 2 周的单盲随机交叉试验（n = 14）。受试者在气候室中暴露于轻度寒冷环境中，并使用热成像分析 BAT 活性。在这些研究中，通过 ELISA 测定血清 FGF21 水平。
在单次摄入研究中，血清 FGF21 水平在摄入β-伴大豆球蛋白之前最高，并在整个 2 小时实验期间逐渐显著降低（P < 0.05）。随机交叉试验显示，2 周的β-伴大豆球蛋白摄入不会影响血清 FGF21 水平和 BAT 活性，而血清 FGF21 基础水平的变化（Δ）与 ΔBAT 活性呈正相关（P < 0.05）。此外，对每组的分析表明，在β-伴大豆球蛋白组中，血清 FGF21 水平的变化（Δ）与 BAT 活性的变化（Δ）之间存在显著相关性（P < 0.05），但在安慰剂组中没有。
本研究表明，尽管单次或短期摄入β-伴大豆球蛋白不会使血清 FGF21 水平升高，但基础 FGF21 水平的变化与 BAT 活性的变化有关。这些结果表明，人类 FGF21 反应性与啮齿动物不同，并支持 FGF21 在人类 BAT 产热中的重要性。
本研究在日本大学医院医疗信息网络（注册号：000038723，https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000043942）注册。
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