Recommended standards for newborn ICU design, 9th edition.

The environment of care has a lasting impact on the patients, families, and caregivers who experience it. A newborn intensive care unit (NICU) is typically in use for 10-30 years, over which time decisions made during its design will have human and financial impacts far beyond the initial cost. Good planning is crucial, yet most participants in the planning process have little experience designing a NICU and may be driven as much by what they do not like in their existing NICU as by the evidence and experience reported by others. Standards generated by a group of experts in multiple disciplines can inform these planners, as well as the agencies developing building codes for NICUs. Now in its ninth iteration, these Recommended Standards continue to be refined as new evidence and experience accumulates, along with new guidance for couplet care in the NICU and for detection of latent safety risks prior to occupancy.