Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Sciences, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, USA.
Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2020 Sep 2;222(Suppl 5):S259-S267. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa053.
The Massachusetts Department of Public Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention collaborated to characterize a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) outbreak in northeastern Massachusetts and prevent further transmission. We determined the contributions of HIV sequence data to defining the outbreak.
Human immunodeficiency virus surveillance and partner services data were analyzed to understand social and molecular links within the outbreak. Cases were defined as HIV infections diagnosed during 2015-2018 among people who inject drugs with connections to northeastern Massachusetts or HIV infections among other persons named as partners of a case or whose HIV polymerase sequence linked to another case, regardless of diagnosis date or geography.
Of 184 cases, 65 (35%) were first identified as part of the outbreak through molecular analysis. Twenty-nine cases outside of northeastern Massachusetts were molecularly linked to the outbreak. Large molecular clusters (75, 28, and 11 persons) were identified. Among 161 named partners, 106 had HIV; of those, 40 (38%) diagnoses occurred through partner services.
Human immunodeficiency virus sequence data increased the case count by 55% and expanded the geographic scope of the outbreak. Human immunodeficiency virus sequence and partner services data each identified cases that the other method would not have, maximizing prevention and care opportunities for HIV-infected persons and their partners.
马萨诸塞州公共卫生部和疾病控制与预防中心合作，对马萨诸塞州东北部的一起人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）疫情进行了特征描述，并防止了进一步的传播。我们确定了 HIV 序列数据对定义疫情的贡献。
分析了 HIV 监测和伙伴服务数据，以了解疫情中的社会和分子联系。病例的定义是在 2015 年至 2018 年期间，有注射毒品行为且与马萨诸塞州东北部有联系的人被诊断出感染 HIV，或其他被确认为病例的性伴侣或其 HIV 聚合酶序列与另一个病例有关的人被诊断出感染 HIV，无论其诊断日期或地理位置如何。
在 184 例病例中，有 65 例（35%）是通过分子分析首次确定为疫情的一部分。在马萨诸塞州东北部以外的 29 例病例与疫情有分子联系。发现了三个大型分子集群（75、28 和 11 人）。在 161 名被点名的性伴侣中，有 106 人感染了 HIV；其中，40 人（38%）是通过伙伴服务确诊的。
HIV 序列数据使病例数增加了 55%，并扩大了疫情的地理范围。HIV 序列和伙伴服务数据各自都发现了其他方法无法发现的病例，最大限度地为 HIV 感染者及其性伴侣提供了预防和护理机会。
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