Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Jana Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland.
Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok Clinical Hospital, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.
Nutrients. 2020 Oct 23;12(11):3255. doi: 10.3390/nu12113255.
Numerous studies have identified the various fat mass and obesity-associated () genetic variants associated with obesity and its metabolic consequences; however, the impact of dietary factors on these associations remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), daily macronutrient intake, and obesity and its metabolic consequences. From 1549 Caucasian subjects of Polish origin, genotyped for the SNPs (rs3751812, rs8044769, rs8050136, and rs9939609), 819 subjects were selected for gene-diet interaction analysis. Anthropometric measurements were performed and total body fat content and distribution, blood glucose and insulin concentration during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and lipid profile were determined. Macronutrient intake was analyzed based on three-day food records, and daily physical activity levels were evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Long Form (IPAQ-LF). Our study shows that carriers of the GG genotype of rs3751812 presented lower body weight, body mass index (BMI), total body fat content, and hip and waist circumference and presented lower obesity-related markers if more than 48% of daily energy intake was derived from carbohydrates and lower subcutaneous and visceral fat content when energy intake derived from dietary fat did not exceed 30%. Similar results were observed for rs8050136 CC genotype carriers. We did not notice any significant differences in obesity markers between genotypes of rs8044769, but we did observe a significant impact of diet-gene associations. Body weight and BMI were significantly higher in TT and CT genotype carriers if daily energy intake derived from carbohydrates was less than 48%. Moreover, in TT genotype carriers, we observed higher blood glucose concentration while fasting and during the OGTT test if more than 18% of total energy intake was derived from proteins. In conclusion, our results indicate that daily macronutrient intake may modulate the impact of genetic SNPs on obesity and obesity-related metabolic consequences.
许多研究已经确定了与肥胖及其代谢后果相关的各种脂肪量和肥胖相关的基因变异；然而，饮食因素对这些关联的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在评估单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) 与每日宏量营养素摄入之间的关联，以及它们与肥胖及其代谢后果的关系。在对来自波兰裔的 1549 名白种人进行基因分型后，针对 rs3751812、rs8044769、rs8050136 和 rs9939609 这 4 个 SNP ，选择了 819 名受试者进行基因-饮食相互作用分析。进行了人体测量，并测定了总体脂肪含量和分布、口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）期间的血糖和胰岛素浓度以及血脂谱。根据三天的食物记录分析了宏量营养素的摄入，使用国际体力活动问卷长表 (IPAQ-LF) 评估了每日体力活动水平。我们的研究表明，rs3751812 的 GG 基因型携带者体重、体重指数 (BMI)、总体脂肪含量、臀部和腰围较低，如果每日能量摄入超过 48%来自碳水化合物，则肥胖相关标志物较低，并且如果来自膳食脂肪的能量摄入不超过 30%，则皮下和内脏脂肪含量较低。rs8050136 的 CC 基因型携带者也观察到类似的结果。我们没有观察到 rs8044769 基因型之间肥胖标志物的任何显著差异，但我们确实观察到饮食-基因关联的显著影响。如果每日碳水化合物能量摄入低于 48%，TT 和 CT 基因型携带者的体重和 BMI 显著更高。此外，在 TT 基因型携带者中，如果总能量摄入的 18%以上来自蛋白质，我们观察到空腹和 OGTT 期间血糖浓度更高。总之，我们的结果表明，每日宏量营养素摄入可能调节遗传 SNP 对肥胖及其相关代谢后果的影响。
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