UCD-Centre for Food Safety, UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, Science Centre South, College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland.
Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China.
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2021 Feb;18(2):63-84. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2020.2847. Epub 2020 Oct 30.
is considered an opportunistic pathogen, constituting an ongoing health concern for immunocompromised patients, the elderly, and neonates. Reports on the isolation of from other sources are increasing, many of which express multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes. Three phylogroups were identified based on nucleotide differences. Niche environments, including plants, animals, and humans appear to be colonized by different phylogroups, among which KpI () is commonly associated with human infection. Infections with can be transmitted through contaminated food or water and can be associated with community-acquired infections or between persons and animals involved in hospital-acquired infections. Increasing reports are describing detections along the food chain, suggesting the possibility exists that this could be a hitherto unexplored reservoir for this opportunistic bacterial pathogen. Expression of MDR phenotypes elaborated by these bacteria is due to the nature of various plasmids carrying antimicrobial resistance (AMR)-encoding genes, and is a challenge to animal, environmental, and human health alike. Raman spectroscopy has the potential to provide for the rapid identification and screening of antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates. Moreover, hypervirulent isolates linked with extraintestinal infections express phenotypes that may support their niche adaptation. In this review, the prevalence, reservoirs, AMR, Raman spectroscopy detection, and pathogenicity of are summarized and various extraintestinal infection pathways are further narrated to extend our understanding of its adaptation and survival ability in reservoirs, and associated disease risks.
铜绿假单胞菌被认为是一种机会性病原体，对免疫功能低下的患者、老年人和新生儿构成持续的健康威胁。越来越多的关于从其他来源分离出铜绿假单胞菌的报告表明，其中许多表现出多药耐药（MDR）表型。根据核苷酸差异，鉴定了三个系统发育群。似乎植物、动物和人类等生态位环境都被不同的系统发育群定植，其中 KpI()通常与人类感染有关。铜绿假单胞菌感染可通过污染的食物或水传播，并可能与社区获得性感染或医院获得性感染中人与动物之间的感染有关。越来越多的报告描述了沿食物链的检测结果，这表明这种情况可能是迄今为止尚未探索的这种机会性病原体的储存库。这些细菌表达的 MDR 表型是由于携带抗生素耐药性（AMR）编码基因的各种质粒的性质所致，这对动物、环境和人类健康都是一个挑战。拉曼光谱技术有可能快速鉴定和筛选铜绿假单胞菌分离株的抗菌药敏性。此外，与肠道外感染相关的高毒力分离株表达的表型可能支持其生态位适应。在这篇综述中，总结了铜绿假单胞菌的流行情况、储存库、AMR、拉曼光谱检测和致病性，进一步阐述了各种肠道外感染途径，以扩展我们对其在储存库中的适应和生存能力以及相关疾病风险的理解。
