亚麻籽来源对海兰褐蛋鸡鸡蛋α-亚麻酸沉积及肝脏基因表达的比较影响

Comparative Effects of Flaxseed Sources on the Egg ALA Deposition and Hepatic Gene Expression in Hy-Line Brown Hens.

作者信息

Shahid Muhammad Suhaib, Raza Tausif, Wu Yuqin, Hussain Mangi Mazhar, Nie Wei, Yuan Jianmin

机构信息

State key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.

Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.

出版信息

Foods. 2020 Nov 14;9(11):1663. doi: 10.3390/foods9111663.

DOI:10.3390/foods9111663

PMID:33202556

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7696904/

Abstract

Healthy diets are necessary for both humans and animals, including poultry. These diets contain various nutrients for maintenance and production in laying hens. Therefore, research was undertaken to explore the efficiency of various dietary flaxseed sources on the n-3 deposition in the egg yolk and gene expression in laying hens. Five dietary groups were analyzed, i.e., (i) a corn-based diet with no flaxseed (FS) as a negative control (NC), (ii) a wheat-based diet supplemented with 10% whole FS without multi-carbohydrase enzymes (MCE) as a positive control (PC), (iii) ground FS supplemented with MCE (FS), (iv) extruded flaxseed meal was supplemented with MCE (EFM), (v) flaxseed oil supplemented with MCE (FSO). Results indicated that egg weight was highest in the NC, FS, EFM, and FSO groups as compared to PC in the 12th week. Egg mass was higher in enzyme supplemented groups as compared to the PC group, but lower than NC. In the 12th week, the HDEP (hen day egg production) was highest in the FS and EFM groups as compared to FSO, PC, and NC. The FCR (feed conversion ratio) was better in enzyme supplemented groups as compared to the PC group. Enzyme addition enhanced the egg quality as compared to PC in the 12th week. The HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) was increased, while LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), VLDL-C (very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), TC (total cholesterol), and TG (total triglycerides) were reduced in the enzyme supplemented groups as compared to PC and NC. The FSO deposit more n-3 PUFA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the egg yolk as compared to FS and EFM groups. The expression of , , , , and genes were upregulated, while was downregulated in the FSO group. The mRNA expression was upregulated in the FS, EFM, and FSO groups as compared to the PC and NC groups. It was inferred that FSO with enzymes at 2.5% is cost-effective, improves the hen performances, upregulated the fatty acid metabolism and β-oxidation genes expression, and efficiently deposits optimal n-3 PUFA in the egg as per consumer's demand.

摘要

健康饮食对人类和包括家禽在内的动物来说都是必需的。这些饮食含有维持蛋鸡生存和生产所需的各种营养物质。因此，开展了一项研究，以探索不同来源的日粮亚麻籽对蛋鸡卵黄中n-3脂肪酸沉积及基因表达的影响。分析了五个日粮组，即：（i）以玉米为基础且不含亚麻籽（FS）的日粮作为阴性对照（NC）；（ii）以小麦为基础的日粮，添加10%的全亚麻籽且不添加复合碳水化合物酶（MCE）作为阳性对照（PC）；（iii）添加MCE的磨碎亚麻籽（FS）；（iv）添加MCE的膨化亚麻籽粕（EFM）；（v）添加MCE的亚麻籽油（FSO）。结果表明，在第12周时，与PC组相比，NC、FS、EFM和FSO组的蛋重最高。与PC组相比，添加酶的组蛋重更高，但低于NC组。在第12周时，与FSO、PC和NC组相比，FS和EFM组的母鸡日产蛋量（HDEP）最高。与PC组相比，添加酶的组饲料转化率（FCR）更好。在第12周时，与PC组相比，添加酶提高了蛋品质。与PC组和NC组相比，添加酶的组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）升高，而低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（VLDL-C）、总胆固醇（TC）和总甘油三酯（TG）降低。与FS和EFM组相比，FSO在卵黄中沉积更多的n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）。FSO组中、、、和基因的表达上调，而基因的表达下调。与PC组和NC组相比，FS、EFM和FSO组中 mRNA表达上调。据推断，添加2.5%酶的FSO具有成本效益，可提高母鸡生产性能，上调脂肪酸代谢和β-氧化基因表达，并根据消费者需求在鸡蛋中有效沉积最佳的n-3 PUFA。