Pasadi Sanjeev, Muniyappa Kalappa
Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
Oncotarget. 2020 Nov 3;11(44):4028-4044. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.27777.
The canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway plays a crucial role in a variety of functions including cell proliferation and differentiation, tumorigenic processes and radioresistance in cancer cells. The Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 (MRN) complex has a pivotal role in sensing and repairing DNA damage. However, it remains unclear whether a connection exists between Wnt/β-catenin signalling and the MRN complex in the repair of cisplatin-induced DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs). Here, we report that (1) cisplatin exposure results in a significant increase in the levels of MRN complex subunits in human tumour cells; (2) cisplatin treatment stimulates Wnt/β-catenin signalling through increased β-catenin expression; (3) the functional perturbation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling results in aberrant cell cycle dynamics and the activation of DNA damage response and apoptosis; (4) a treatment with CHIR99021, a potent and selective GSK3β inhibitor, augments cisplatin-induced cell death in cancer cells. On the other hand, inactivation of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling with FH535 promotes cell survival. Consistently, the staining pattern of γH2AX-foci is significantly reduced in the cells exposed simultaneously to cisplatin and FH535; and (5) inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signalling impedes cisplatin-induced phosphorylation of Chk1, abrogates the G2/M phase arrest and impairs recombination-based DNA repair. Our data further show that Wnt signalling positively regulates the expression of β-catenin, Mre11 and FANCD2 at early time points, but declining thereafter due to negative feedback regulation. These results support a model wherein Wnt/β-catenin signalling and MRN complex crosstalk during DNA ICL repair, thereby playing an important role in the maintenance of genome stability.
经典的Wnt/β-连环蛋白信号通路在多种功能中发挥关键作用,包括细胞增殖与分化、肿瘤发生过程以及癌细胞的放射抗性。Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1(MRN)复合物在感知和修复DNA损伤方面起关键作用。然而,在顺铂诱导的DNA链间交联(ICL)修复中,Wnt/β-连环蛋白信号通路与MRN复合物之间是否存在联系仍不清楚。在此,我们报告:(1)顺铂暴露导致人肿瘤细胞中MRN复合物亚基水平显著增加;(2)顺铂处理通过增加β-连环蛋白表达刺激Wnt/β-连环蛋白信号通路;(3)Wnt/β-连环蛋白信号通路的功能扰动导致异常的细胞周期动态以及DNA损伤反应和凋亡的激活;(4)用强效且选择性的GSK3β抑制剂CHIR99021处理可增强顺铂诱导的癌细胞死亡。另一方面,用FH535使Wnt/β-连环蛋白信号通路失活可促进细胞存活。同样,在同时暴露于顺铂和FH535的细胞中,γH2AX焦点的染色模式显著减少;以及(5)抑制Wnt/β-连环蛋白信号通路会阻碍顺铂诱导的Chk1磷酸化,消除G2/M期阻滞并损害基于重组的DNA修复。我们的数据进一步表明,Wnt信号在早期正向调节β-连环蛋白、Mre11和FANCD2的表达,但随后由于负反馈调节而下降。这些结果支持一种模型,即Wnt/β-连环蛋白信号通路与MRN复合物在DNA ICL修复过程中相互作用,从而在维持基因组稳定性中发挥重要作用。