健康的微生物组-健康的肠道微生物组的定义是什么？

The Healthy Microbiome-What Is the Definition of a Healthy Gut Microbiome?

机构信息

Department of Medicine, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland.

APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland; School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland.

出版信息

Gastroenterology. 2021 Jan;160(2):483-494. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.09.057. Epub 2020 Nov 27.

DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2020.09.057

PMID:33253682

Abstract

Use of microbiome-based biomarkers in diagnosis, prognosis, risk profiling, and precision therapy requires definition of a healthy microbiome in different populations. To determine features of the intestinal microbiota associated with health, however, we need improved microbiome profiling technologies, with strain-level resolution. We must also learn more about how the microbiome varies among apparently healthy people, how it changes with age, and the effects of diet, medications, ethnicity, geography, and lifestyle. Furthermore, many intestinal microbes, including viruses, phage, fungi, and archaea, have not been characterized, and little is known about their contributions to health and disease.Whether a healthy microbiome can be defined is an important and seemingly simple question, but with a complex answer in continual need of refinement.

摘要

在诊断、预后、风险评估和精准治疗中使用基于微生物组的生物标志物，需要在不同人群中定义健康的微生物组。然而，为了确定与健康相关的肠道微生物组特征，我们需要具有菌株水平分辨率的改进的微生物组分析技术。我们还必须更多地了解在看似健康的人群中微生物组的变化情况，它如何随年龄变化，以及饮食、药物、种族、地理位置和生活方式的影响。此外，许多肠道微生物，包括病毒、噬菌体、真菌和古菌，尚未被描述，它们对健康和疾病的贡献也知之甚少。健康的微生物组是否可以定义是一个重要且看似简单的问题，但答案却很复杂，需要不断完善。