沙特阿拉伯COVID-19疫苗接种接受度的决定因素：一项基于网络的全国性调查。
Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in Saudi Arabia: A Web-Based National Survey.
作者信息
Al-Mohaithef Mohammed, Padhi Bijaya Kumar
机构信息
Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Community Medicine & School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
出版信息
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2020 Nov 20;13:1657-1663. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S276771. eCollection 2020.
BACKGROUND
Vaccine hesitancy is a potential threat to global public health. Since there is an unprecedented global effort to develop a vaccine against the COVID-19 pandemic, much less is known about its acceptance in the community. Understanding key determinants that influence the preferences and demands of a future vaccine by the community may help to develop strategies for improving the global vaccination program. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine and their determinants among people in Saudi Arabia.
METHODS
A web-based, cross-sectional study was conducted using snowball sampling strategy under a highly restricted environment. A bilingual, self-administered anonymous questionnaire was designed and sent to the study participants through social media plat-forms and email. Study participants were recruited across the country, including the four major cities (Riyadh, Dammam, Jeddah, and Abha) in Saudi Arabia. Key determinants that predict vaccine acceptance among respondents were modelled using logistic regression analysis. Of the 1000 survey invitees, 992 responded to the survey.
RESULTS
Of the 992 respondents, 642 showed interest to accept the COVID-19 vaccine if it is available. Willingness to accept the future COVID-19 vaccine is relatively high among older age groups, being married participants with education level postgraduate degree or higher (68.8%), non-Saudi (69.1%), employed in government sector (68.9%). In multivariate model, respondents who were above 45 years (aOR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.08-3.21) and married (aOR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.28-2.50) were significantly associated with vaccine acceptance (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Addressing sociodemographic determinants relating to the COVID-19 vaccination may help to increase uptake of the global vaccination program to tackle future pandemics. Targeted health education interventions are needed to increase the uptake of the future COVID-19 vaccine.
背景
疫苗犹豫对全球公共卫生构成潜在威胁。鉴于全球正在为研发针对新冠疫情的疫苗做出前所未有的努力，对于该疫苗在社区中的接受情况了解较少。了解影响社区对未来疫苗偏好和需求的关键决定因素，可能有助于制定改善全球疫苗接种计划的策略。本研究的目的是评估沙特阿拉伯民众对新冠疫苗的接受程度及其决定因素。
方法
在高度受限的环境下，采用滚雪球抽样策略进行了一项基于网络的横断面研究。设计了一份双语、自我填写的匿名问卷，并通过社交媒体平台和电子邮件发送给研究参与者。研究参与者招募自沙特阿拉伯全国，包括四个主要城市（利雅得、达曼、吉达和艾卜哈）。使用逻辑回归分析对预测受访者疫苗接受情况的关键决定因素进行建模。在1000名调查受邀者中，992人回复了调查。
结果
在992名受访者中，642人表示如果有新冠疫苗愿意接受。年龄较大的群体、已婚且教育程度为研究生及以上的参与者（68.8%）、非沙特人（69.1%）、在政府部门工作的人（68.9%）对未来新冠疫苗的接受意愿相对较高。在多变量模型中，45岁以上的受访者（调整优势比：2.15；95%置信区间：1.08 - 3.21）和已婚受访者（调整优势比：1.79；95%置信区间：1.28 - 2.50）与疫苗接受情况显著相关（p < 0.05）。
结论
解决与新冠疫苗接种相关的社会人口学决定因素，可能有助于提高全球疫苗接种计划的接种率，以应对未来的疫情。需要有针对性的健康教育干预措施来提高未来新冠疫苗的接种率。
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