State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China.
Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan.
Gene. 2021 Mar 10;772:145375. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145375. Epub 2020 Dec 23.
The genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of sika deer of different subspecies are uncertain. In order to explore the phylogenetic relationship of different sika deer subspecies, this study used a wider sample collection to analyze mitochondrial sequences and nuclear microsatellites of sika deer. The full lengths of cytochrome-b gene of 134 sika deer were sequenced, and 16 haplotypes were obtained. Based on phylogenetic and haplotype networks analysis, the sika deer was not clustered according to subspecies but was divided into four lineages. Lineage I includes individuals from C.n.kopschi, C.n.sichuanicus, and C.n.hortulorum subspecies; Lineage II includes individuals from C.n.hortulorum subspecies; Lineage III includes individuals from C.n.centralis, C.n.yakushime, C.n.mageshimae, and C.n.keramae subspecies, namely southern Japanese population; Lineage IV includes individuals from C.n.centralis and C.n.yesoensis subspecies, namely northern Japanese population. The microsatellite analysis showed that the sika deer in China and Japan originated independently. The three subspecies of China have significant genetic differentiation, while the three subspecies of Japan have no significant differentiation. This study provides reference for the research of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of sika deer, and also provides scientific data for the evaluation, protection, and utilization of sika deer resources.
不同亚种梅花鹿的遗传多样性和系统发育关系尚不确定。为了探究不同亚种梅花鹿的系统发育关系，本研究采用更广泛的样本采集，分析了梅花鹿的线粒体序列和核微卫星。对 134 只梅花鹿的细胞色素-b 基因全长进行了测序，共获得 16 种单倍型。基于系统发育和单倍型网络分析，梅花鹿没有按亚种聚类，而是分为四个谱系。谱系 I 包括来自 C.n.kopschi、C.n.sichuanicus 和 C.n.hortulorum 亚种的个体；谱系 II 包括来自 C.n.hortulorum 亚种的个体；谱系 III 包括来自 C.n.centralis、C.n.yakushime、C.n.mageshimae 和 C.n.keramae 亚种的个体，即日本南部种群；谱系 IV 包括来自 C.n.centralis 和 C.n.yesoensis 亚种的个体，即日本北部种群。微卫星分析表明，中国和日本的梅花鹿起源于不同的地方。中国的三个亚种存在显著的遗传分化，而日本的三个亚种则没有显著的分化。本研究为梅花鹿遗传多样性和系统发育关系的研究提供了参考，也为梅花鹿资源的评价、保护和利用提供了科学数据。
