CD4 T细胞的多样面貌：免疫学和结构特征
The Many Faces of CD4 T Cells: Immunological and Structural Characteristics.
作者信息
Chatzileontiadou Demetra S M, Sloane Hannah, Nguyen Andrea T, Gras Stephanie, Grant Emma J
机构信息
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
出版信息
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 23;22(1):73. doi: 10.3390/ijms22010073.
As a major arm of the cellular immune response, CD4 T cells are important in the control and clearance of infections. Primarily described as helpers, CD4 T cells play an integral role in the development and activation of B cells and CD8 T cells. CD4 T cells are incredibly heterogeneous, and can be divided into six main lineages based on distinct profiles, namely T helper 1, 2, 17 and 22 (Th1, Th2, Th17, Th22), regulatory T cells (Treg) and T follicular helper cells (Tfh). Recent advances in structural biology have allowed for a detailed characterisation of the molecular mechanisms that drive CD4 T cell recognition. In this review, we discuss the defining features of the main human CD4 T cell lineages and their role in immunity, as well as their structural characteristics underlying their detection of pathogens.
作为细胞免疫反应的主要组成部分，CD4 T细胞在感染的控制和清除中发挥着重要作用。CD4 T细胞主要被描述为辅助细胞，在B细胞和CD8 T细胞的发育和激活中起着不可或缺的作用。CD4 T细胞具有令人难以置信的异质性，根据不同的特征可分为六个主要谱系，即辅助性T细胞1、2、17和22（Th1、Th2、Th17、Th22）、调节性T细胞（Treg）和滤泡辅助性T细胞（Tfh）。结构生物学的最新进展使得对驱动CD4 T细胞识别的分子机制进行详细表征成为可能。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了主要人类CD4 T细胞谱系的定义特征及其在免疫中的作用，以及它们检测病原体的结构特征。
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