膝关节损伤对退休后疼痛及生活质量的影响：职业篮球运动员的横断面调查
Impact of Knee Injuries on Post-retirement Pain and Quality of Life: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Professional Basketball Players.
作者信息
Khan Moin, Ekhtiari Seper, Burrus Tyrrell, Madden Kim, Rogowski Joseph P, Bedi Asheesh
机构信息
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
McMaster University, Department of Surgery, 50 Charleton Avenue East, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6 Canada.
出版信息
HSS J. 2020 Dec;16(Suppl 2):327-332. doi: 10.1007/s11420-019-09736-5. Epub 2019 Nov 8.
BACKGROUND
Professional basketball players are at increased risk for knee injuries. Epidemiologic data exist on the prevalence of such injuries in players in the National Basketball Association (NBA), but little is known about how these injuries affect athletes before after retirement.
QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: The goals of this study were to evaluate the rates and characteristics of knee injury before and during NBA players' careers and how those injuries correspond to knee injury, pain, or surgery, as well as quality of life, after retirement.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey study was performed. The survey instrument was designed with the aid of a multidisciplinary focus group. Data collected included patient demographics; length of professional career; injuries before, during, and after the athletes' NBA careers; and post-retirement quality of life, assessed using the EQ-5D and Tegner Activity Scale. The survey was distributed electronically to 900 retired NBA athletes. Descriptive statistics were used to present means and proportions, and multiple regression analysis was performed to assess for potential factors correlated to injury.
RESULTS
One hundred eight retired NBA players participated (a response rate of 12%). Almost a third (32.4%) sustained a knee injury before starting their NBA career; 51 (47.2%) sustained knee injury during professional play in the NBA, and nearly two-thirds of those players (62.7%) needed surgery. Among those who reported knee injuries during their NBA career, a majority had knee pain that continued until retirement (72.5%). Two-thirds (67%) reported having knee pain currently (at the time of the survey). More than a third (34.0%) underwent knee surgery after retirement, which included nine total knee arthroplasties (8.3%).
CONCLUSION
A majority of retired NBA athletes in our study had knee pain, and many needed operative management during and after their NBA careers. NBA players score lower on quality-of-life measures than average North American men of similar age. Further research is needed to elucidate the best strategies for recognizing and treating knee injuries in these athletes.
背景
职业篮球运动员膝盖受伤的风险更高。关于美国职业篮球联赛（NBA）球员此类损伤的患病率存在流行病学数据，但对于这些损伤在运动员退役前后如何影响他们却知之甚少。
问题/目的：本研究的目的是评估NBA球员职业生涯之前和期间膝盖受伤的发生率及特征，以及这些损伤与退役后膝盖受伤、疼痛或手术以及生活质量之间的关系。
方法
进行了一项横断面调查研究。调查工具是在一个多学科焦点小组的协助下设计的。收集的数据包括患者人口统计学信息；职业生涯长度；运动员在NBA职业生涯之前、期间和之后的损伤情况；以及退役后的生活质量，使用EQ-5D和特格纳活动量表进行评估。该调查以电子方式分发给900名退役NBA运动员。使用描述性统计来呈现均值和比例，并进行多元回归分析以评估与损伤相关的潜在因素。
结果
108名退役NBA球员参与了调查（回复率为12%）。近三分之一（32.4%）的球员在开始NBA职业生涯之前膝盖受过伤；51名（47.2%）在NBA职业比赛期间膝盖受伤，其中近三分之二（62.7%）的球员需要手术。在那些在NBA职业生涯中报告膝盖受伤的球员中，大多数人膝盖疼痛一直持续到退役（72.5%）。三分之二（67%）的人报告目前（在调查时）膝盖疼痛。超过三分之一（34.0%）的人在退役后接受了膝盖手术，其中包括9例全膝关节置换术（8.3%）。
结论
在我们的研究中，大多数退役NBA运动员膝盖疼痛，许多人在NBA职业生涯期间及之后需要手术治疗。NBA球员在生活质量指标上的得分低于年龄相仿的北美男性平均水平。需要进一步研究以阐明识别和治疗这些运动员膝盖损伤的最佳策略。
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