临床和诊断发现、治疗以及腹膜炎患马的短期和长期生存情况：72 例病例（2007-2017 年）。

Clinical and diagnostic findings, treatment, and short- and long-term survival in horses with peritonitis: 72 cases (2007-2017).

机构信息

William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, California.

Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, California.

出版信息

Vet Surg. 2021 Feb;50(2):323-335. doi: 10.1111/vsu.13564. Epub 2021 Jan 7.

DOI:10.1111/vsu.13564

PMID:33415827

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To identify etiology, clinical findings, diagnostic results, treatment, and short- and long-term survival and to report factors associated with nonsurvival and survival in horses with peritonitis.

STUDY DESIGN

Retrospective study.

ANIMALS

Horses (n = 72).

METHODS

Medical records at William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital from 2007-2017 were reviewed for horses diagnosed with peritonitis. The essential inclusion criterion was a peritoneal nucleated cell count of ≥25 000 cells/μL. Gastrointestinal rupture and cases in which peritonitis occurred after abdominal surgery or castration were excluded. Information retrieved from medical records included signalment, history, clinicopathological and peritoneal fluid variables, diagnostic imaging findings, inciting cause, treatment, and short- and long-term survival. Data were analyzed by using Fisher's exact test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, and χ test (P < .05).

RESULTS

Colic was the most common presenting complaint (34/72 [48%]). A definitive diagnosis could be made in 44 (44/72 [61%]) cases. The most common cause of peritonitis was infectious agents (31/72), followed by trauma (8/72), gastrointestinal thickening (3/72), and eosinophilic peritonitis (2/72). Idiopathic peritonitis was identified in 28 (28/72 [39%]) cases. Sixty (83%) horses survived to hospital discharge. Long-term follow-up was available for 49 horses, with 43 (88%) horses alive 1 year after discharge. Significant differences between nonsurvivors and survivors were history of colic, positive peritoneal fluid culture, and several hematological/peritoneal fluid variables.

CONCLUSION

Peritoneal fluid analysis was essential for a definitive diagnosis of peritonitis, and certain variables were useful for predicting outcome.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Results of this study provide evidence of the value of peritoneal fluid analysis for identification of peritonitis, prediction of outcome, and successful treatment.

摘要

目的

确定腹膜炎马匹的病因、临床发现、诊断结果、治疗以及短期和长期存活率，并报告与非存活和存活相关的因素。

研究设计

回顾性研究。

动物

马（n=72）。

方法

回顾 2007-2017 年在 William R. Pritchard 兽医教学医院的病历，诊断为腹膜炎的马匹符合基本纳入标准，即腹膜有核细胞计数≥25000 个/μL。排除胃肠道破裂和腹部手术后或去势后发生腹膜炎的病例。从病历中检索到的信息包括一般情况、病史、临床病理和腹膜液变量、诊断影像学结果、诱因、治疗以及短期和长期存活率。数据采用 Fisher 确切检验、Wilcoxon 秩和检验和 χ2 检验（P<0.05）进行分析。

结果

腹痛是最常见的主诉（34/72[48%]）。44 例（44/72[61%]）可明确诊断。腹膜炎最常见的原因是感染性病原体（31/72），其次是创伤（8/72）、胃肠道增厚（3/72）和嗜酸性粒细胞性腹膜炎（2/72）。特发性腹膜炎有 28 例（28/72[39%]）。60 匹马（83%）存活至出院。49 匹马可进行长期随访，出院后 1 年有 43 匹马（88%）存活。非存活者和存活者之间有显著差异的因素包括腹痛史、阳性腹膜液培养和几个血液学/腹膜液变量。