Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 10;22(2):627. doi: 10.3390/ijms22020627.
Cancer is a global health concern, and the prognosis of patients with cancer is associated with metastasis. Multistep processes are involved in cancer metastasis. Accumulating evidence has shown that cancer cells acquire the capacity of anoikis resistance and anchorage-independent cell growth, which are critical prerequisite features of metastatic cancer cells. Multiple cellular factors and events, such as apoptosis, survival factors, cell cycle, EMT, stemness, autophagy, and integrins influence the anoikis resistance and anchorage-independent cell growth in cancer. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), are dysregulated in cancer. They regulate cellular signaling pathways and events, eventually contributing to cancer aggressiveness. This review presents the role of miRNAs and lncRNAs in modulating anoikis resistance and anchorage-independent cell growth. We also discuss the feasibility of ncRNA-based therapy and the natural features of ncRNAs that need to be contemplated for more beneficial therapeutic strategies against cancer.
癌症是一个全球性的健康问题，癌症患者的预后与转移有关。癌症转移涉及多步过程。越来越多的证据表明，癌细胞获得了抗失巢凋亡和锚定非依赖性细胞生长的能力，这是转移性癌细胞的关键先决特征。多种细胞因子和事件，如细胞凋亡、存活因子、细胞周期、上皮间质转化、干细胞特性、自噬和整合素，影响着癌症的抗失巢凋亡和锚定非依赖性细胞生长。非编码 RNA（ncRNA），如 microRNAs（miRNAs）和长非编码 RNA（lncRNAs），在癌症中失调。它们调节细胞信号通路和事件，最终导致癌症的侵袭性。本文综述了 miRNA 和 lncRNA 在调节抗失巢凋亡和锚定非依赖性细胞生长中的作用。我们还讨论了 ncRNA 治疗的可行性，以及 ncRNA 的天然特性，这些特性需要考虑在内，以制定更有效的抗癌治疗策略。
