社区居住的独立老年人生活空间移动性的个体和环境因素的横断面研究。
Cross-sectional study of individual and environmental factors associated with life-space mobility among community-dwelling independent older people.
机构信息
Health and Welfare Center, Totsuka Ward Office, 16-17 Totsukacho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, 244-0003, Japan.
Department of Community Health Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
出版信息
Environ Health Prev Med. 2021 Jan 18;26(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s12199-021-00936-2.
BACKGROUND
Life-space mobility is reflected in comprehensive longevity and health outcomes and is also an important indicator for preventing mortality and decline in well-being among older people. However, a comprehensive framework of life-space mobility and modifiable individual and environmental factors has not been well validated among community-dwelling independent older people, for primary prevention. We examined individual and environmental factors affecting life-space mobility among community-dwelling independent older people.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study included 3500 community-dwelling independent older people randomly selected using the National Basic Resident Registration System in Japan. Life-space mobility was measured using the Japanese version of the Life-Space Assessment (LSA) instrument, which is used to assess an individual's pattern of mobility. Negative multivariate binomial regression analysis was performed in a final sample of 1258 people. Individual factors (including physical, mental, and social characteristics) and environmental factors (including the social and material environment) were measured and analyzed as potential factors.
RESULTS
Negative multivariable binomial regression analysis, adjusted for demographics, showed that LSA score was associated with locomotive syndrome (β = - 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] = - 0.24 to - 0.73), depression (β = - 0.29, 95% CI = - 0.03 to - 0.55), health literacy (β = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.39-0.01), and participation in community activities (β = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.03-0.43) among individual factors, and receipt of social support (β = - 0.19, 95% CI = 0.00 to - 0.38) and social network (β = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.48-0.10) among environmental factors.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that modifiable individual factors and environmental factors are related to life-space mobility among community-dwelling older people.
背景
生活空间移动能力反映了全面的长寿和健康状况，也是预防老年人死亡和幸福感下降的重要指标。然而，对于社区居住的独立老年人的一级预防，尚未很好地验证生活空间移动能力的综合框架以及可改变的个体和环境因素。我们研究了影响社区居住的独立老年人生活空间移动能力的个体和环境因素。
方法
本横断面研究纳入了使用日本国家基本居民登记系统随机抽取的 3500 名社区居住的独立老年人。使用生活空间评估（LSA）工具的日语版评估生活空间移动能力，该工具用于评估个体的移动模式。对最终样本 1258 人进行了负多元二项式回归分析。个体因素（包括身体、心理和社会特征）和环境因素（包括社会和物质环境）作为潜在因素进行了测量和分析。
结果
经过人口统计学因素调整的负多元二项式回归分析显示，LSA 评分与运动障碍综合征（β=-0.48，95%置信区间[CI]：-0.24 至-0.73）、抑郁（β=-0.29，95%CI：-0.03 至-0.55）、健康素养（β=0.20，95%CI：0.39-0.01）和参与社区活动（β=0.23，95%CI：0.03-0.43）相关，个体因素中的社会支持（β=-0.19，95%CI：0.00 至-0.38）和社会网络（β=0.29，95%CI：0.48-0.10）与环境因素相关。
结论
我们的研究结果表明，可改变的个体因素和环境因素与社区居住的老年人的生活空间移动能力相关。
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