Acoustics Research Centre, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, UK.
Ove Arup & Partners, Acoustics, 13 Fitzroy Street, London W1T 6BQ, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 14;18(2):682. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18020682.
We are on the cusp of a revolution in the aviation sector, driven by the significant progress in electric power and battery technologies, and autonomous systems. Several industry leaders and governmental agencies are currently investigating the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or "drones" as commonly known, for an ever-growing number of applications-from blue light services to parcel delivery and urban mobility. Undoubtedly, the operation of UAVs will lead to noise exposure, which has the potential to become a significant public health issue. This paper first describes the main acoustic and operational characteristics of UAVs, as an unconventional noise source compared to conventional civil aircraft. Gaps in the literature and the regulations on the noise metrics and acceptable noise levels are identified and discussed. The state-of-the-art evidence on human response to aircraft and other environmental noise sources is reviewed and its application for UAVs discussed. A methodological framework is proposed for building psychoacoustic knowledge, to inform systems and operations development to limit the noise impact on communities.
我们正处于航空领域的一场革命的边缘，这场革命的驱动力来自电力和电池技术以及自主系统的重大进展。目前，一些行业领导者和政府机构正在研究将无人机（通常称为“无人机”）用于越来越多的应用，从蓝光服务到包裹投递和城市交通。毫无疑问，无人机的运行将导致噪声暴露，这有可能成为一个重大的公共卫生问题。本文首先描述了与传统民用飞机相比，作为一种非传统噪声源的无人机的主要声学和运行特性。确定并讨论了文献中的空白以及噪声度量和可接受噪声水平的法规。回顾了关于人类对飞机和其他环境噪声源反应的最新证据，并讨论了其在无人机中的应用。提出了一个构建心理声学知识的方法框架，为系统和操作开发提供信息，以限制噪声对社区的影响。
