移民群体中乙型肝炎健康素养的社会文化障碍：美籍韩裔焦点小组研究
Sociocultural barriers to hepatitis B health literacy in an immigrant population: a focus group study in Korean Americans.
作者信息
Hyun Sarah, Ko Okhyun, Kim Soonsik, Ventura William R
机构信息
Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10964, USA.
KCS Public Health and Research Center, 2 W. 32nd St. Suite 604, New York, NY, 10001, USA.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2021 Feb 25;21(1):404. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10441-4.
BACKGROUND
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a major global health issue disproportionately affecting Asian Americans and other immigrant populations in the United States. Despite the high risk of morbid complications from CHB, the majority of individuals with CHB do not access healthcare due to a complex of barriers. These barriers influence health literacy which may affect behaviors linked to hepatitis B care. We aimed to identify and evaluate various sociocultural factors and how they interact with health literacy to impact CHB care and health seeking in a Korean American population.
METHODS
A total of 28 Korean American individuals with CHB were divided into 5 different focus discussion groups. This study investigated the participants' sociocultural backgrounds as well as their awareness and utilization of the healthcare system that could influence their health literacy and behaviors in accessing care.
RESULTS
Our analysis identified and concentrated on three themes that emerged from these discussions: low risk perception and knowledge of CHB and its complications; language, immigrant status, and stigma; and financial and institutional barriers. The participants' overall awareness of the disease and prevention methods demonstrated poor understanding of important characteristics and potential outcomes of the disease. Additionally, differences in cultural expectations and a lack of understanding and utilization of healthcare systems affected health literacy in further limiting participants' motivation to seek care.
CONCLUSIONS
The present study suggests that there are culture-specific barriers to health literacy governing individuals' health behavior in accessing hepatitis B care. These findings may inform strategies for developing culturally tailored resources and programs and for facilitating the implementation of community-wide hepatitis B education and screening initiatives in immigrant communities.
背景
慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）是一个重大的全球健康问题，对亚裔美国人及美国其他移民群体的影响尤为严重。尽管慢性乙型肝炎会引发严重并发症的风险很高，但由于一系列障碍，大多数慢性乙型肝炎患者无法获得医疗保健服务。这些障碍影响健康素养，而健康素养可能会影响与乙肝护理相关的行为。我们旨在识别和评估各种社会文化因素，以及它们如何与健康素养相互作用，从而影响韩裔美国人的慢性乙型肝炎护理和就医行为。
方法
共有28名韩裔美国慢性乙型肝炎患者被分成5个不同的焦点讨论小组。本研究调查了参与者的社会文化背景，以及他们对医疗保健系统的认知和利用情况，这些可能会影响他们在就医时的健康素养和行为。
结果
我们的分析确定并集中在这些讨论中出现的三个主题上：对慢性乙型肝炎及其并发症的低风险认知和了解；语言、移民身份和耻辱感；以及经济和制度障碍。参与者对该疾病和预防方法的总体认知表明，他们对该疾病的重要特征和潜在后果了解不足。此外，文化期望的差异以及对医疗保健系统缺乏了解和利用，进一步限制了参与者寻求治疗的积极性，从而影响了健康素养。
结论
本研究表明，在获取乙肝护理方面，存在影响个人健康行为的特定文化健康素养障碍。这些发现可为制定针对特定文化的资源和项目的策略提供参考，并有助于在移民社区开展全社区范围的乙肝教育和筛查倡议。
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