Wudu Muluken Amare
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, 1145, Ethiopia.
Pediatric Health Med Ther. 2021 Feb 19;12:79-89. doi: 10.2147/PHMT.S297828. eCollection 2021.
Suboptimal breastfeeding practices have remained a global public health issue, particularly in Ethiopia due to early days of newborn breastfeeding practices. Although several measures have been taken to comply with the WHO guidelines, newborn feeding malpractices are widely seen in Ethiopia.
To assess the prevalence and determinant of early days of newborn feeding malpractices among recently delivered women in Mizan-Aman Town, southwestern Ethiopia, 2020.
A community-based cross-sectional study of recently delivered women was conducted between March 5/2020 and April 8/2020. A total of 487 mother-to-child (<12month) pairs were selected using a multi-stage randomized sampling technique and the data were collected through a face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire. The result was analyzed via SPSS version 26. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the determinant of newborn feeding malpractices and a p<0.05 was deemed to be significant.
Prevalence of prelacteal feeding, delayed initiation of breastfeeding and colostrum avoidance was approximately 21.9%, 35.5% and 15.5%, respectively. The most common prelacteal food was Rue/"Tenadam"/49 (10.1%). The key reasons for this were: 49 (10.1%) Cultural activity followed by 45 (9.3%) intestinal/ghost/birth clean-ups. Determinants of prelacteal feeding were found to be: mothers who recognize the risks of prelactate feeding, multipara mothers, had ≥4 children and infants birth order between 4 and 6. Likewise, exposure to infant formula advertising, absence of home-to-home health education, multipara mothers and spontaneous vaginal birth were the determinants of colostrum avoidance.
The study found that one in four and one-third of newborns had experience with prelacteal and delayed breastfeeding, respectively. This makes the newborn feeding practice suboptimal in the city. As a result, behavioral modification programs on the prevention of prelacteal feeding and enhancement of early initiation of colostrum feeding practices are recommended.
母乳喂养方式欠佳仍是一个全球公共卫生问题，在埃塞俄比亚尤其如此，这归因于新生儿早期的母乳喂养习惯。尽管已采取多项措施以遵循世界卫生组织的指导方针，但在埃塞俄比亚，新生儿喂养不当的情况仍普遍存在。
评估2020年埃塞俄比亚西南部米赞-阿曼镇近期分娩妇女中新生儿早期喂养不当的患病率及其决定因素。
于2020年3月5日至4月8日对近期分娩妇女开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用多阶段随机抽样技术共选取了487对母婴（<12个月），并通过使用结构化问卷进行面对面访谈收集数据。结果通过SPSS 26版进行分析。采用多因素逻辑回归分析评估新生儿喂养不当的决定因素，p<0.05被视为具有统计学意义。
产前喂养、母乳喂养开始延迟和避免初乳喂养的患病率分别约为21.9%、35.5%和15.5%。最常见的产前食物是芸香/“Tenadam”/49例（10.1%）。其主要原因是：49例（10.1%）是文化活动，其次是45例（9.3%）肠道/驱邪/产后清洁。产前喂养的决定因素包括：认识到产前喂养风险的母亲、经产妇、生育≥4个孩子且婴儿出生顺序在4至6之间。同样，接触婴儿配方奶粉广告、缺乏挨家挨户的健康教育、经产妇和自然阴道分娩是避免初乳喂养的决定因素。
研究发现，分别有四分之一和三分之一的新生儿经历过产前喂养和母乳喂养延迟。这使得该市的新生儿喂养方式欠佳。因此，建议开展行为改变项目，以预防产前喂养并加强初乳喂养的早期开始。
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