Rawluk J, Waller C F
Klinik für Innere Medizin, Hämatologie, Onkologie und Stammzelltransplantation, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland.
Fakultät für Medizin, Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland.
HNO. 2021 Apr;69(4):285-297. doi: 10.1007/s00106-021-01011-6. Epub 2021 Mar 3.
The number of patients suffering from human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal cancer has increased in recent decades. To date, the role of medical therapy in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region has only been established in the refractory or metastatic setting (r/m HNSCC).
What are the current treatment options for patients with r/m HNSCC or r/m oropharyngeal cancer?
A literature search was conducted on systemic treatment of oropharyngeal cancer and r/m HNSCC.
There is currently no standard treatment for patients with oropharyngeal cancer in refractory or metastatic stages. Since 2017, immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors has become increasingly important in the treatment of r/m HNSCC patients. First-line therapy was recently adapted based on the results of the KEYNOTE-48 (KN048) study. For selected patients with r/m HNSCC, there now exists a chemotherapy-free treatment option. Use of immunotherapy also in earlier stages of HNSCC can be expected in the near future.
Medical therapy of r/m HNSCC patients is in a period of great change. Treatment is increasingly based on combination therapy with checkpoint inhibitors.
近几十年来，人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）相关口咽癌患者数量有所增加。迄今为止，药物治疗在头颈部区域鳞状细胞癌患者中的作用仅在难治性或转移性情况下（r/m HNSCC）得到确立。
r/m HNSCC或r/m口咽癌患者目前的治疗选择有哪些？
对口咽癌和r/m HNSCC的全身治疗进行了文献检索。
目前对于难治性或转移性口咽癌患者尚无标准治疗方法。自2017年以来，免疫检查点抑制剂免疫疗法在r/m HNSCC患者的治疗中变得越来越重要。最近根据KEYNOTE-48（KN048）研究结果调整了一线治疗方案。对于部分r/m HNSCC患者，现在有了一种无化疗的治疗选择。预计在不久的将来，免疫疗法也将用于HNSCC的早期阶段。
r/m HNSCC患者的药物治疗正处于巨大变革时期。治疗越来越多地基于检查点抑制剂联合疗法。
