Davies Veterinary Specialists, Manor Farm Business Park, Hertfordshire, UK.
Veterinary Pathology Group, Hitchin, UK.
Vet Ophthalmol. 2021 May;24(3):265-278. doi: 10.1111/vop.12885. Epub 2021 Apr 1.
To identify bacterial microorganisms associated with canine keratomalacia, review their antimicrobial sensitivity, and evaluate clinical outcomes compared to results of microbial culture.
Retrospective analysis of clinical records of dogs diagnosed with a melting corneal ulcer presented to a referral hospital in Hertfordshire, UK between 2014 and 2018.
One hundred and ten melting corneal ulcers were sampled in 106 dogs. The most common pure bacterial isolate was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 26) followed by β-hemolytic Streptococcus (n = 12). Melting corneal ulcers that cultured coagulase-positive Staphylococcus, coliform bacteria, Pasteurella multocida, Enterococcus, and Streptococcus viridans presented in smaller numbers and were analyzed together (n = 16). Multiple cultures were identified in nine cases (n = 9). Forty-seven cultures yielded no bacterial growth (n = 47). The susceptibility to fluoroquinolones remained high with the exception of β-hemolytic Streptococci. There was no significant difference in the ulcer severity at presentation in regard to the cultured bacteria. Overall, 63 eyes (57%) received surgical grafting in addition to medical treatment. In 14 cases (13%), the progression of corneal melting despite medical ± surgical treatment resulted in enucleation. Fifty-seven percent (8/14) of the enucleated eyes cultured pure Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. In contrast, all β-hemolytic Streptococcus-associated ulcers healed.
The most common bacterial species associated with canine keratomalacia were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and β-hemolytic Streptococcus. Because of the variation in antibacterial sensitivity between these two species, bacterial culture and sensitivity testing should be performed in all dogs presenting with keratomalacia. Melting corneal ulcers associated with pure Pseudomonas infection were significantly more likely to result in globe loss than melting corneal ulcers associated with other cultures.
鉴定与犬角膜软化症相关的细菌微生物，回顾其抗菌敏感性，并与微生物培养结果进行比较，评估临床结果。
对 2014 年至 2018 年期间在英国赫特福德郡一家转诊医院就诊的患有角膜融解性溃疡的犬的临床记录进行回顾性分析。
106 只犬中有 110 只角膜融解性溃疡进行了采样。最常见的纯细菌分离株是铜绿假单胞菌（n=26），其次是β-溶血性链球菌（n=12）。数量较少的凝固酶阳性葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、多杀巴斯德菌、肠球菌和草绿色链球菌等共培养（n=16）进行了分析。9 例（n=9）发现多种培养物。47 例培养物无细菌生长（n=47）。除了β-溶血性链球菌外，氟喹诺酮类药物的敏感性仍然很高。就培养细菌而言，在就诊时溃疡严重程度没有差异。总体而言，63 只眼（57%）在接受药物治疗的同时还接受了手术植片。在 14 例（13%）中，尽管进行了药物治疗+手术治疗，但角膜融解仍在进展，最终导致眼球摘除。14 例眼球摘除眼中有 57%（8/14）培养出纯铜绿假单胞菌分离株。相比之下，所有β-溶血性链球菌相关的溃疡都已愈合。
与犬角膜软化症相关的最常见细菌种类是铜绿假单胞菌和β-溶血性链球菌。由于这两种细菌的抗菌敏感性存在差异，因此所有患有角膜软化症的犬都应进行细菌培养和药敏试验。与其他培养物相关的角膜融解性溃疡相比，单纯铜绿假单胞菌感染引起的角膜融解性溃疡显著更有可能导致眼球丧失。
