Antonova Elena, Schlosser Karoly, Pandey Rakesh, Kumari Veena
Divison of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom.
Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom.
Front Psychiatry. 2021 Mar 23;12:563417. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.563417. eCollection 2021.
The novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 that first emerged in Wuhan, China, in Nov-Dec 2019 has already impacted a significant proportion of the world population. Governments of many countries imposed quarantines and social distancing measures in 2020, many of which remain in place, to mitigate the spread of the SARS-Cov-2 virus causing the COVID-19 disease. The direct impact of COVID-19 on people infected with the virus, their families and the health care workers, as well as the impact of the mitigation measures such as quarantine, social distancing, and self-isolation on the rest of the population have contributed to a global mental health pandemic, including anxiety, depression, panic attacks, posttraumatic stress symptoms, psychosis, addiction, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and suicidality. These effects are present acutely (for example, due to fear of contamination or losing loved ones, effects of quarantine/isolation, withdrawal of community and social services, etc.) and may continue long after the pandemic is over (for example, due to bereavement, unemployment, financial losses, etc). The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered mental health problems in people without previous history of mental illness, as well as worsened the symptoms in those with pre-existing psychiatric diagnosis. Therefore, the global effort is called for to deal with this mental health pandemic secondary to COVID-19 itself to address the emergence of new as well as the exacerbation of the existing mental health issues. Conversely, this global context provides an extraordinary opportunity for studying individual differences in response to and resilience in the face of physical and psychological threat, challenge to "normal" way of life, and long-term uncertainty. In this viewpoint article we outline the particular suitability of mindfulness, its skills and mechanisms, as an approach to the prevention and management of mental health issues, as well as to the promotion of well-being and building the foundations of adaptability and flexibility in dealing with the long-term uncertainty and profound changes to the social, economic, and possibly political systems as this pandemic continues to unfold.
2019年11月至12月在中国武汉首次出现的新型冠状病毒疾病COVID-19已经影响了世界上很大一部分人口。许多国家的政府在2020年实施了隔离和社交距离措施,其中许多措施至今仍然有效,以减轻导致COVID-19疾病的SARS-CoV-2病毒的传播。COVID-19对病毒感染者、他们的家人和医护人员的直接影响,以及隔离、社交距离和自我隔离等缓解措施对其他人群的影响,导致了一场全球心理健康大流行,包括焦虑、抑郁、恐慌症、创伤后应激症状、精神病、成瘾、强迫症和自杀倾向。这些影响在急性期就存在(例如,由于害怕感染或失去亲人、隔离/孤立的影响、社区和社会服务的撤离等),并且可能在大流行结束后很长时间内持续存在(例如,由于丧亲之痛、失业、经济损失等)。COVID-19大流行引发了以前没有精神疾病史的人的心理健康问题,也加剧了那些已有精神疾病诊断的人的症状。因此,需要全球共同努力来应对这场继发于COVID-19本身的心理健康大流行,以解决新出现的以及现有心理健康问题的恶化。相反,这种全球背景为研究个体在面对身体和心理威胁、对“正常”生活方式的挑战以及长期不确定性时的反应差异和恢复力提供了一个绝佳的机会。在这篇观点文章中,我们概述了正念及其技能和机制作为预防和管理心理健康问题、促进幸福感以及在应对长期不确定性以及随着这场大流行的持续展开对社会、经济乃至政治系统造成的深刻变化时建立适应性和灵活性基础的一种方法的特别适用性。