Department of Animal Health, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain.
Front Immunol. 2021 Mar 23;12:637152. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.637152. eCollection 2021.
After a year of evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, there is still no specific effective treatment for the disease. Although the majority of infected people experience mild disease, some patients develop a serious disease, especially when other pathologies concur. For this reason, it would be very convenient to find pharmacological and immunological mechanisms that help control SARS-CoV-2 infection. Since the COVID-19 and BCoV viruses are very close phylogenetically, different studies demonstrate the existence of cross-immunity as they retain shared epitopes in their structure. As a possible control measure against COVID-19, we propose the use of cow's milk immune to BCoV. Thus, the antigenic recognition of some highly conserved structures of viral proteins, particularly M and S2, by anti-BCoV antibodies present in milk would cause a total or partial inactivation of SARS-COV-2 (acting as a particular vaccine) and be addressed more easily by GALT's highly specialized antigen-presenting cells, thus helping the specific immune response.
在 SARS-CoV-2 疫情演变一年后,仍然没有针对该疾病的特效治疗方法。虽然大多数感染者症状较轻,但一些患者会出现严重疾病,尤其是当合并其他病理情况时。出于这个原因,找到有助于控制 SARS-CoV-2 感染的药理学和免疫学机制将非常方便。由于 COVID-19 和 BCoV 病毒在系统发育上非常接近,不同的研究表明存在交叉免疫,因为它们在结构上保留了共同的表位。作为针对 COVID-19 的一种可能的控制措施,我们建议使用对 BCoV 具有免疫力的牛奶。因此,牛奶中存在的抗 BCoV 抗体对病毒蛋白(特别是 M 和 S2)某些高度保守结构的抗原识别,会导致 SARS-COV-2 的完全或部分失活(作为一种特殊疫苗),并更容易被 GALT 的高度特化抗原呈递细胞识别,从而有助于特异性免疫反应。