新冠疫情封控期间德国的酒精和烟草消费行为变化。
The Effects of the Lockdown during the COVID-19 Pandemic on Alcohol and Tobacco Consumption Behavior in Germany.
机构信息
Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine (FCTS), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
出版信息
Eur Addict Res. 2021;27(4):242-256. doi: 10.1159/000515438. Epub 2021 Apr 26.
BACKGROUND
Similar to other countries, the government of Germany has implemented various restrictions of social life in March 2020 to slow the spread of COVID-19 pandemic. This results in millions of people being isolated for long periods, which may increase feelings of worry and anxiety. As the consumption of alcohol and tobacco is an often used dysfunctional strategy to cope with such feelings, these restrictions might cause an increase of consumption. Already at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) warned that increased alcohol consumption during the lockdown can increase the prevalence of alcohol use disorders in the future. However, up to now little is known about the changes in alcohol-drinking behavior and tobacco smoking in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
To address this theme, we investigated the changes in alcohol and tobacco consumption in the German population aged between 18 and 80 years via an online survey.
RESULTS
In total, 3,245 persons participated in the survey; 35.5% of them reported an increase in drinking during the lockdown (42.9% did not change their drinking behavior, 21.3% drank less, and 0.3% started drinking). The odds of consuming more alcohol during lockdown were associated with middle age, higher subjective stress due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a lower agreement with the importance of the restrictions, and consuming alcohol more than once per week before the lockdown. Also, 45.8% of the participants increased their smoking during the lockdown. The odds of smoking more during lockdown were associated with higher subjective stress due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
CONCLUSION
These findings suggest that it is important to start campaigns to inform the general population about potential long-term effects of increased alcohol and tobacco consumption and to raise the health-care professionals' awareness of this topic.
背景
与其他国家类似，德国政府于 2020 年 3 月实施了各种限制社会生活的措施，以减缓 COVID-19 大流行的传播。这导致数百万人长期被隔离，这可能会增加人们的担忧和焦虑感。由于饮酒和吸烟是一种常用的应对这种情绪的功能失调策略，这些限制可能会导致消费增加。早在 COVID-19 大流行开始时，世界卫生组织（WHO）就警告说，封锁期间饮酒量增加可能会导致未来酗酒障碍的患病率增加。然而，迄今为止，人们对 COVID-19 大流行期间一般人群饮酒行为和吸烟习惯的变化知之甚少。
方法
为了研究这个主题，我们通过在线调查研究了德国 18 至 80 岁人群中饮酒和吸烟习惯的变化。
结果
共有 3245 人参与了调查；其中 35.5%的人报告说在封锁期间饮酒量增加（42.9%的人没有改变饮酒行为，21.3%的人饮酒量减少，0.3%的人开始饮酒）。封锁期间饮酒量增加的可能性与中年、因 COVID-19 大流行导致的更高的主观压力、对限制的重要性的较低认同以及在封锁前每周饮酒超过一次有关。此外，45.8%的参与者在封锁期间增加了吸烟量。封锁期间吸烟量增加的可能性与 COVID-19 大流行导致的更高的主观压力有关。
结论
这些发现表明，重要的是要开展运动，让公众了解增加饮酒和吸烟的潜在长期影响，并提高卫生保健专业人员对这一问题的认识。
Zotero 插件