CSIR Fourth Paradigm Institute, Wind Tunnel Road, Bangalore, India.
Meteorological Centre Bangalore, India Meteorological Department, Bangalore, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2021 Jun 8;193(7):395. doi: 10.1007/s10661-021-09177-w.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which became a global pandemic by March 2020, forced almost all countries over the world to impose the lockdown as a measure of social distancing to control the spread of infection. India also strictly implemented a countrywide lockdown, starting from 24 March to 12 May 2020. This measure resulted in the reduction of the sources of air pollution in general: industrial, commercial, and vehicular pollution in particular, with visible improvement in ambient air quality. In this study, the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the ambient concentration of air pollutants over the city of Bangalore (India) is assessed using Continuous Ambient Air Quality Measurement (CAAQM) data from 10 monitoring stations spread across the city. The data was obtained from Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB). The analysis of the relative changes in the ambient concentration of six major air pollutants (NO, NO, NO, PM, O, and SO) has been carried out for two periods: March-May 2020 (COVID-19 lockdown) and the corresponding period of 2019 during when there was no lockdown. The analysis revealed significant reduction in the concentration of ambient air pollutants at both daily and monthly intervals. This can be attributed to the reduction in sources of emission; vehicular traffic, industrial, and other activities. The average reduction in the concentration of NO, NO, NO, PM, and O between 01 March and 12 May 2020 was found to be 63%, 48%, 48%, 18%, and 23% respectively when compared to the same period in 2019. Similarly, the comparative analysis of pollutant concentrations between pre-lockdown (01-23 March 2020) and lockdown (24 March-12 May 2020) periods has shown a huge reduction in the ambient concentration of air pollutants, 47.3% (NO), 49% (NO), 49% (NO), 10% (SO), 37.7% (PM), and 15.6% (O), resulting in improved air quality over Bangalore during the COVID-19 lockdown period. It is shown that the strict lockdown resulted in a significant reduction in the pollution levels. Such lockdowns may be useful as emergency intervention strategies to control air pollution in megacities when ambient air quality deteriorates dangerously.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）在 2020 年 3 月成为全球大流行，迫使世界上几乎所有国家都实施了封锁措施，以保持社交距离来控制感染的传播。印度也严格实施了全国范围的封锁，从 2020 年 3 月 24 日至 5 月 12 日。这一措施导致了一般而言的空气污染来源减少：特别是工业、商业和车辆污染，周围空气质量得到了明显改善。在这项研究中，使用分布在全市的 10 个监测站的连续环境空气质量测量（CAAQM）数据评估了 COVID-19 封锁对班加罗尔（印度）环境空气中污染物浓度的影响。数据是从中央污染控制委员会（CPCB）和卡纳塔克邦污染控制委员会（KSPCB）获得的。对六种主要空气污染物（NO、NO、NO、PM、O 和 SO）的环境浓度的相对变化进行了分析，分析了两个时期：2020 年 3 月至 5 月（COVID-19 封锁）和 2019 年同期（无封锁期间）。分析表明，在每日和每月间隔内，环境空气污染物浓度都有显著下降。这可归因于排放源的减少；车辆交通、工业和其他活动。与 2019 年同期相比，2020 年 3 月 1 日至 5 月 12 日期间，NO、NO、NO、PM 和 O 的浓度平均分别下降了 63%、48%、48%、18%和 23%。同样，在封锁前（2020 年 3 月 1 日至 23 日）和封锁期间（2020 年 3 月 24 日至 5 月 12 日）之间的污染物浓度比较分析表明，班加罗尔的环境空气污染物浓度大幅下降，NO 为 47.3%、NO 为 49%、NO 为 49%、SO 为 10%、PM 为 37.7%和 O 为 15.6%，导致 COVID-19 封锁期间班加罗尔的空气质量得到改善。结果表明，严格的封锁措施显著降低了污染水平。在大都市地区的空气质量危险恶化时，这种封锁可能作为控制空气污染的紧急干预策略很有用。
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