School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
Molecular Biotechnology Platform, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2021 Jul;105(13):5259-5279. doi: 10.1007/s00253-021-11407-7. Epub 2021 Jun 21.
The morbidity and mortality caused by invasive fungal infections are increasing across the globe due to developments in transplant surgery, the use of immunosuppressive agents, and the emergence of drug-resistant fungal strains, which has led to a challenge in terms of treatment due to the limitations of three classes of drugs. Hence, it is imperative to establish effective strategies to identify and design new antifungal drugs. Drug repurposing is a potential way of expanding the application of existing drugs. Recently, various existing drugs have been shown to be useful in the prevention and treatment of invasive fungi. In this review, we summarize the currently used antifungal agents. In addition, the most up-to-date information on the effectiveness of existing drugs with antifungal activity is discussed. Moreover, the antifungal mechanisms of existing drugs are highlighted. These data will provide valuable knowledge to stimulate further investigation and clinical application in this field. KEY POINTS: • Conventional antifungal agents have limitations due to the occurrence of drug-resistant strains. • Non-antifungal drugs act as antifungal agents in various ways toward different targets. • Non-antifungal drugs with antifungal activity are demonstrated as effective antifungal strategies.
由于移植手术的发展、免疫抑制剂的使用以及抗药性真菌菌株的出现，全球范围内由侵袭性真菌感染引起的发病率和死亡率正在上升，这使得治疗受到了限制，因为只有三类药物可用。因此，制定有效的策略来识别和设计新的抗真菌药物是当务之急。药物再利用是扩大现有药物应用的一种潜在方法。最近，各种现有药物已被证明在预防和治疗侵袭性真菌方面有用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前使用的抗真菌药物。此外，还讨论了具有抗真菌活性的现有药物的最新有效性信息。此外，还强调了现有药物的抗真菌机制。这些数据将为该领域的进一步研究和临床应用提供有价值的知识。
由于耐药菌株的出现，传统的抗真菌药物存在局限性。
非抗真菌药物通过不同的方式针对不同的靶点发挥抗真菌作用。
具有抗真菌活性的非抗真菌药物被证明是有效的抗真菌策略。
