Akui Toshiki, Fujiwara Kei, Sato Gaku, Takinoue Masahiro, Nomura Shin-Ichiro M, Doi Nobuhide
Department of Biosciences & Informatics, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
Department of Computer Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan.
iScience. 2021 Jul 14;24(8):102859. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102859. eCollection 2021 Aug 20.
Biochemical systems in living cells have their optimum concentration ratio among each constituent element to maintain their functionality. However, in the case of the biochemical system with complex interactions and feedbacks among elements, their activity as a system greatly changes by the concentration shift of the entire system irrespective of the concentration ratio among elements. In this study, by using a transcription-translation (TX-TL) system as the subject, we illustrate the principle of the nonlinear relationship between the system concentration and the activity of the system. Our experiment and simulation showed that shifts of the system concentration of TX-TL by dilution and concentration works as a switch of activity and demonstrated its ability to induce a biochemical system to confer the permeability of small molecules to liposomes. These results contribute to the creation of artificial cells with the switch and provide an insight into the emergence of protocells.
活细胞中的生化系统在其每个组成元素之间都有最佳浓度比，以维持其功能。然而，对于元素之间具有复杂相互作用和反馈的生化系统，无论元素之间的浓度比如何，整个系统的浓度变化都会极大地改变其作为一个系统的活性。在本研究中，我们以转录-翻译（TX-TL）系统为研究对象，阐述了系统浓度与系统活性之间非线性关系的原理。我们的实验和模拟表明，通过稀释和浓缩改变TX-TL系统的浓度可起到活性开关的作用，并证明了其诱导生化系统赋予脂质体小分子通透性的能力。这些结果有助于创建具有这种开关功能的人工细胞，并为原始细胞的出现提供了见解。
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