Raza Waseem, Wei Zhong, Jousset Alexandre, Shen Qirong, Friman Ville-Petri
Key Lab of Plant Immunity, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
Utrecht University, Institute for Environmental Biology, Ecology, and Biodiversity, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
mSystems. 2021 Aug 31;6(4):e0084921. doi: 10.1128/mSystems.00849-21. Epub 2021 Aug 24.
Plant rhizobiomes consist of microbes that are influenced by the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the plant root system. While plant-microbe interactions are generally thought to be local, accumulating evidence suggests that topologically disconnected bulk soil microbiomes could be linked with plants and their associated rhizospheric microbes through volatile organic compounds (VOCs). While several studies have focused on the effect of soil physicochemical properties for VOC movement, it is less clear how VOC signaling is affected by microbial communities themselves when VOCs travel across soils. To gain a better understanding of this, we propose that soil microbe-plant communities could be viewed as "metarhizobiomes," where VOC-mediated interactions extend the plant rhizobiome further out through interconnected microbial metapopulation networks. In this minireview, we mainly focus on soil microbial communities and first discuss how microbial interactions within a local population affect VOC signaling, leading to changes in the amount, type, and ecological roles of produced VOCs. We then consider how VOCs could connect spatially separated microbial populations into a larger metapopulation network and synthesize how (i) VOC effects cascade in soil matrix when moving away from the source of origin and (ii) how microbial metapopulation composition and diversity shape VOC-signaling between plants and microbes at the landscape level. Finally, we propose new avenues for experimentally testing VOC movement in plant-microbe metapopulation networks and suggest how VOCs could potentially be used for managing plant health in natural and agricultural soils.
植物根际微生物群由受植物根系物理、化学和生物学特性影响的微生物组成。虽然植物与微生物的相互作用通常被认为是局部的，但越来越多的证据表明，拓扑上不相连的大块土壤微生物群可能通过挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）与植物及其相关的根际微生物联系起来。虽然有几项研究关注土壤理化性质对VOC移动的影响，但当VOCs在土壤中传播时，微生物群落本身如何影响VOC信号传导尚不清楚。为了更好地理解这一点，我们提出土壤微生物 - 植物群落可以被视为“元根际微生物群”，其中VOC介导的相互作用通过相互连接的微生物集合种群网络将植物根际微生物群进一步扩展到更远的范围。在这篇小型综述中，我们主要关注土壤微生物群落，首先讨论局部种群内的微生物相互作用如何影响VOC信号传导，导致产生的VOCs的数量、类型和生态作用发生变化。然后，我们考虑VOCs如何将空间上分离的微生物种群连接成一个更大的集合种群网络，并综合阐述（i）VOC效应在远离起源源时如何在土壤基质中级联，以及（ii）微生物集合种群组成和多样性如何在景观层面塑造植物与微生物之间的VOC信号传导。最后，我们提出了在植物 - 微生物集合种群网络中通过实验测试VOC移动的新途径，并提出VOCs如何潜在地用于管理自然和农业土壤中的植物健康。
