Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 9, 9th Neyestan Street, Pasdaran Avenue, Tehran, Iran.
J Oral Biosci. 2021 Dec;63(4):319-326. doi: 10.1016/j.job.2021.08.006. Epub 2021 Sep 3.
Dysgeusia is a prevalent qualitative gustatory impairment that may affect food intake and quality of life. The facial (VII), glossopharyngeal (IX), and vagus (X) nerves are the three cranial nerves responsible for sensing taste. Typically, dysgeusia is considered a general term for all taste disorders. In addition, dysgeusia may be a symptom of underlying systemic conditions such as diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, respiratory infections, and nutritional deficiencies. Various subjective and objective diagnostic approaches are available to aid clinicians, each with its own set of benefits and drawbacks.
Taste impairment can lead to a lack of enjoyment while eating, food aversion, and malnutrition, resulting in a decrease in the quality of life and loss of muscle mass. Therefore, the present review aims to address the probable etiologies, diagnostic aids, and management of dysgeusia. A broad search for studies was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. In addition, relevant studies found in the references of the selected articles were also studied.
Oral health care providers should be aware of the possible etiologies of dysgeusia, diagnostic tools, and treatment options. Accurate diagnosis of the cause of taste dysfunction has a significant impact on the management of taste impairment.
味觉障碍是一种普遍存在的味觉质量损伤，可能会影响食物摄入和生活质量。面部（VII）、舌咽（IX）和迷走（X）神经是负责感知味觉的三个颅神经。通常，味觉障碍被认为是所有味觉障碍的总称。此外，味觉障碍可能是糖尿病、慢性肾脏病、呼吸道感染和营养缺乏等潜在系统性疾病的症状。有多种主观和客观的诊断方法可供临床医生使用，每种方法都有其自身的优缺点。
味觉障碍可导致进食缺乏乐趣、食物厌恶和营养不良，从而降低生活质量和肌肉质量。因此，本综述旨在探讨味觉障碍的可能病因、诊断辅助手段和治疗方法。使用 PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus 和 Google Scholar 广泛搜索研究。此外，还研究了选定文章参考文献中发现的相关研究。
口腔保健提供者应了解味觉障碍的可能病因、诊断工具和治疗选择。准确诊断味觉功能障碍的病因对味觉障碍的治疗有重要影响。
