Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland.
Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2021 Oct;35(3):333-349. doi: 10.1016/j.bpa.2020.12.002. Epub 2020 Dec 8.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), can lead to severe pneumonia and multiorgan failure. While most of the infected patients develop no or only mild symptoms, some need respiratory support or even invasive ventilation. The exact route of transmission is currently under investigation. While droplet exposure and direct contact seem to be the most significant ways of transmitting the disease, aerosol transmission appears to be possible under circumstances favored by high viral load. Despite the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), this situation potentially puts healthcare workers at risk of infection, especially if they are involved in airway management. Various recommendations and international guidelines aim to protect healthcare workers, although evidence-based research confirming the benefits of these approaches is still scarce. In this article, we summarize the current literature and recommendations for airway management of COVID-19 patients.
新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的，可导致严重肺炎和多器官衰竭。虽然大多数感染患者无症状或症状较轻，但有些患者需要呼吸支持甚至有创通气。目前正在调查其确切的传播途径。飞沫暴露和直接接触似乎是传播疾病的最重要途径，但在高病毒载量的情况下，气溶胶传播似乎是可能的。尽管使用了个人防护设备（PPE），但这种情况仍使医护人员面临感染的风险，特别是如果他们参与气道管理。各种建议和国际指南旨在保护医护人员，但仍缺乏证实这些方法益处的基于证据的研究。在本文中，我们总结了 COVID-19 患者气道管理的当前文献和建议。
