南极海洋特别保护区的人为垃圾。
Anthropogenic debris in an Antarctic Specially Protected Area in the maritime Antarctic.
机构信息
Laboratório de Ornitologia e Animais Marinhos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Av. Unisinos, 950 São Leopoldo, Brazil.
British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, United Kingdom; Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa.
出版信息
Mar Pollut Bull. 2021 Nov;172:112921. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112921. Epub 2021 Sep 8.
Antarctic Specially Protected Areas (ASPAs) provide the strongest environmental protection in Antarctica. However, they are not immune from anthropogenic pollution of marine or terrestrial origin. We document anthropogenic debris within ASPA No. 133 Harmony Point, Nelson Island, recovering 1544 items between November 2019 and January 2020. The majority (82.6 %) were found close to a national operator-constructed refuge and were smaller than 5 cm. Larger items (up to 300 cm) were present on beaches and plateaus. Charcoal and rubber were the most abundant items around the refuge and plastic and metal were the most abundant items on beaches and plateaus. Debris items likely arriving in the area by marine transportation (e.g. plastic) are of concern due to both risk of ingestion and their degradation leading to the release of hazardous chemicals. Such pollution contravenes the terms of the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty and other regionally applicable regulations.
南极洲特别保护区（Antarctic Specially Protected Areas，简称 ASPAs）为南极洲提供了最强有力的环境保护。然而，它们也无法免受人为的海洋或陆地来源的污染。我们在纳尔逊岛 133 号和谐点的南极洲特别保护区内记录了人为废弃物，在 2019 年 11 月至 2020 年 1 月期间共回收了 1544 件废弃物。大多数（82.6%）废弃物是在一个由国家运营者建造的避难所附近发现的，尺寸小于 5 厘米。较大的物品（最大可达 300 厘米）则存在于海滩和高原上。在避难所周围，木炭和橡胶是最常见的物品，而塑料和金属则是海滩和高原上最常见的物品。由于存在摄入风险和降解导致危险化学品释放的风险，通过海洋运输（如塑料）到达该地区的废弃物令人担忧。这种污染违反了《南极条约环境保护议定书》和其他适用的区域法规的规定。
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