Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health & Welfare Science, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel.
Rosemead School of Psychology, Biola University, La Mirada, California.
Public Health Nurs. 2022 Jan;39(1):24-32. doi: 10.1111/phn.12982. Epub 2021 Sep 25.
Guided by the Health Belief Model (HBM), this study explored factors associated with accessing COVID-19 health information.
DESIGN/SAMPLE: A cross-sectional study design was used.
Migrants (n = 259) employed in Israel prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic were recruited.
The on-line questionnaire included: The Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Brief Resilience Coping Scale and Immigrants' Language Ability scale.
Migrants obtaining COVID-19 information when issued were more likely to have decreased employment or unemployment after COVID-19 government restrictions (OR = 1.98; CI = 1.03, 3.89; p < .05) and more likely to have a better language ability (OR = 1.20; CI = 1.10, 1.32, p < .0001), but they were less likely to use family and/or friends as their COVID-19 health resource (OR = 0.54, CI = 0.30, 0.96; p < .05). Migrants encountering the most employment difficulties were: female (p < .05), older age (p < .05), unmarried (p < .01), with unstable finances (p < .0001), and in Israel less than 5 years (p < .01).
Migrants with more precarious employment had more societal disadvantage (i.e., women, older age, unmarried, poorer socioeconomic status, and newer migrants) and relied on informal and potentially inaccurate, health sources. Public health officials aiming to decrease COVID-19 infection must improve health information access to all members of society, particularly at-risk groups such as migrants.
本研究以健康信念模型（HBM）为指导，探讨与获取 COVID-19 健康信息相关的因素。
设计/样本：采用横断面研究设计。
招募了在 COVID-19 大流行之前在以色列受雇的移民（n=259）。
在线问卷包括：生活满意度量表、简要应对韧性量表和移民语言能力量表。
在 COVID-19 政府限制后，获得 COVID-19 信息的移民更有可能减少就业或失业（OR=1.98；CI=1.03，3.89；p<.05），并且更有可能拥有更好的语言能力（OR=1.20；CI=1.10，1.32，p<.0001），但他们不太可能将家人和/或朋友作为 COVID-19 健康资源（OR=0.54，CI=0.30，0.96；p<.05）。遇到最多就业困难的移民是：女性（p<.05）、年龄较大（p<.05）、未婚（p<.01）、财务不稳定（p<.0001）和在以色列居住不到 5 年（p<.01）。
就业不稳定的移民面临更多的社会劣势（即女性、年龄较大、未婚、较差的社会经济地位和新移民），并依赖非正式且可能不准确的健康来源。旨在降低 COVID-19 感染率的公共卫生官员必须改善所有社会成员的健康信息获取途径，特别是移民等高危人群。
