Kumar Ajay, Singh Sandeep Kumar, Kant Chandra, Verma Hariom, Kumar Dharmendra, Singh Prem Pratap, Modi Arpan, Droby Samir, Kesawat Mahipal Singh, Alavilli Hemasundar, Bhatia Shashi Kant, Saratale Ganesh Dattatraya, Saratale Rijuta Ganesh, Chung Sang-Min, Kumar Manu
Agriculture Research Organization, Volcani Center, Department of Postharvest Science, Rishon Lezzion 50250, Israel.
Centre of Advance Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Sep 15;10(9):1472. doi: 10.3390/antiox10091472.
In the current scenario of changing climatic conditions and the rising global population, there is an urgent need to explore novel, efficient, and economical natural products for the benefit of humankind. Biosurfactants are one of the latest explored microbial synthesized biomolecules that have been used in numerous fields, including agriculture, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food processing, and environment-cleaning industries, as a source of raw materials, for the lubrication, wetting, foaming, emulsions formulations, and as stabilizing dispersions. The amphiphilic nature of biosurfactants have shown to be a great advantage, distributing themselves into two immiscible surfaces by reducing the interfacial surface tension and increasing the solubility of hydrophobic compounds. Furthermore, their eco-friendly nature, low or even no toxic nature, durability at higher temperatures, and ability to withstand a wide range of pH fluctuations make microbial surfactants preferable compared to their chemical counterparts. Additionally, biosurfactants can obviate the oxidation flow by eliciting antioxidant properties, antimicrobial and anticancer activities, and drug delivery systems, further broadening their applicability in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Nowadays, biosurfactants have been broadly utilized to improve the soil quality by improving the concentration of trace elements and have either been mixed with pesticides or applied singly on the plant surfaces for plant disease management. In the present review, we summarize the latest research on microbial synthesized biosurfactant compounds, the limiting factors of biosurfactant production, their application in improving soil quality and plant disease management, and their use as antioxidant or antimicrobial compounds in the pharmaceutical industries.
在当前气候条件变化和全球人口不断增长的情况下，迫切需要探索新颖、高效且经济的天然产物以造福人类。生物表面活性剂是最新探索的微生物合成生物分子之一，已在众多领域得到应用，包括农业、制药、化妆品、食品加工和环境清洁行业，用作原材料来源，用于润滑、润湿、发泡、乳液配方以及作为稳定分散剂。生物表面活性剂的两亲性质已显示出巨大优势，通过降低界面表面张力和增加疏水化合物的溶解度，将自身分布在两个不混溶的表面上。此外，它们的环保性质、低毒甚至无毒性质、在较高温度下的耐久性以及耐受广泛pH波动的能力，使其比化学表面活性剂更受青睐。此外，生物表面活性剂可通过引发抗氧化特性、抗菌和抗癌活性以及药物递送系统来消除氧化流，进一步拓宽其在食品和制药行业的适用性。如今，生物表面活性剂已被广泛用于通过提高微量元素浓度来改善土壤质量，并且已与农药混合或单独施用于植物表面以进行植物病害管理。在本综述中，我们总结了关于微生物合成生物表面活性剂化合物的最新研究、生物表面活性剂生产的限制因素、它们在改善土壤质量和植物病害管理中的应用，以及它们在制药行业中作为抗氧化或抗菌化合物的用途。
