患者来源的肿瘤异种移植模型的当前研究进展（综述）
Current research developments of patient-derived tumour xenograft models (Review).
作者信息
Yin Zhenyu, Maswikiti Ewetse Paul, Liu Qian, Bai Yuping, Li Xiaomei, Qi Wenbo, Liu Le, Ma Yanling, Chen Hao
机构信息
The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China.
Department of Oncology, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China.
出版信息
Exp Ther Med. 2021 Nov;22(5):1206. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10640. Epub 2021 Aug 24.
Patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) models are established by transferring patient tumors into immunodeficient mice. In these murine models, the characteristics of the primary tumor are retained, including the microenvironment of tumor cell growth and histopathology. Due to this, it has become the most reliable human cancer model. However, the success rates differ by type of tumor, site of transplantation and tumor aggressiveness. Subcutaneous transplantation is a standard method for PDTX, and subrenal capsule transplantation improves the engraftment rate. Recently, PDTX models are frequently used in the fields of precision medicine, predictive biomarkers, evaluation of drug efficacy and preclinical research on tumor immunotherapeutic drugs. The aim of the present article was to review the establishment, clinical applications and limitations of the PDTX model in tumor research.
患者来源的肿瘤异种移植（PDTX）模型是通过将患者肿瘤移植到免疫缺陷小鼠中建立的。在这些小鼠模型中，原发性肿瘤的特征得以保留，包括肿瘤细胞生长的微环境和组织病理学特征。因此，它已成为最可靠的人类癌症模型。然而，成功率因肿瘤类型、移植部位和肿瘤侵袭性而异。皮下移植是PDTX的标准方法，肾包膜下移植可提高植入率。近年来，PDTX模型在精准医学、预测性生物标志物、药物疗效评估以及肿瘤免疫治疗药物的临床前研究等领域得到了频繁应用。本文旨在综述PDTX模型在肿瘤研究中的建立、临床应用及局限性。
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