Han Jennie, Attar Nadeem
Department of Cardiology, Royal Lancaster Infirmary, Lancaster LA1 4RP, Lancashire, United Kingdom.
World J Cardiol. 2021 Aug 26;13(8):243-253. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v13.i8.243.
Percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting is followed by a duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) to reduce stent thrombosis and avoid target lesion failure. The period of DAPT recommended in international guidelines following drug-eluting stent implantation is 12 mo for most patients with acute coronary syndrome, and 6 mo for patients with chronic coronary syndrome or high bleeding risk. The new generation of drug-eluting stents have metallic platforms with thinner struts, associated with significantly less stent thrombosis. Shortened DAPT has been investigated with these stents, with evidence from randomised clinical trials for some individual stents showing non-inferior safety and efficacy outcomes. This has to be balanced by the effect of DAPT on secondary prevention of systemic cardiovascular disease especially in high-risk populations. This review will outline the current evidence for individual stents with regards to DAPT duration for both acute coronary syndrome and chronic coronary syndrome and discuss further directions for research and personalised medicine in this contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention era.
经皮冠状动脉介入治疗并植入支架后,需要进行一段时间的双联抗血小板治疗(DAPT),以减少支架血栓形成并避免靶病变失败。国际指南推荐,对于大多数急性冠状动脉综合征患者,药物洗脱支架植入后的DAPT疗程为12个月,对于慢性冠状动脉综合征患者或出血风险高的患者为6个月。新一代药物洗脱支架具有更薄支架梁的金属平台,与显著更少的支架血栓形成相关。已经对这些支架进行了缩短DAPT的研究,一些个别支架的随机临床试验证据显示出非劣效的安全性和有效性结果。这必须与DAPT对系统性心血管疾病二级预防的影响相平衡,尤其是在高危人群中。本综述将概述关于急性冠状动脉综合征和慢性冠状动脉综合征的DAPT疗程的各单个支架的当前证据,并讨论在这个当代经皮冠状动脉介入治疗时代的进一步研究方向和个性化医疗。