The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA.
Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA.
ISME J. 2022 Apr;16(4):948-957. doi: 10.1038/s41396-021-01141-3. Epub 2021 Nov 3.
Complex polymicrobial biofilm communities are abundant in nature particularly in the human oral cavity where their composition and fitness can affect health. While the study of these communities during disease is essential and prevalent, little is known about interactions within the healthy plaque community. Here we describe interactions between two of the most abundant species in this healthy microbiome, Haemophilus parainfluenzae and Streptococcus mitis. We discovered that H. parainfluenzae typically exists adjacent to mitis group streptococci in vivo with which it is also positively correlated based on microbiome data. By comparing in vitro coculture data to ex vivo microscopy we revealed that this co-occurrence is density dependent and further influenced by HO production. We discovered that H. parainfluenzae utilizes a more redundant, multifactorial response to HO than related microorganisms and that this system's integrity enhances streptococcal fitness. Our results indicate that mitis group streptococci are likely the in vivo source of NAD for H. parainfluenzae and also evoke patterns of carbon utilization in vitro for H. parainfluenzae similar to those observed in vivo. Our findings describe mechanistic interactions between two of the most abundant and prevalent members of healthy supragingival plaque that contribute to their in vivo survival.
复杂的多微生物生物膜群落在自然界中大量存在，特别是在人类口腔中，其组成和适应性可以影响健康。虽然研究这些群落在疾病期间的作用是必不可少的，但对于健康斑块群落内部的相互作用却知之甚少。在这里，我们描述了健康微生物组中两种最丰富的物种——副流感嗜血杆菌和缓症链球菌之间的相互作用。我们发现，副流感嗜血杆菌通常存在于体内与米氏链球菌相邻，根据微生物组数据，两者之间也呈正相关。通过比较体外共培养数据和体外显微镜检查，我们揭示了这种共现是密度依赖性的，并进一步受到 HO 产生的影响。我们发现，副流感嗜血杆菌比相关微生物更倾向于利用一种冗余的、多因素的 HO 反应，并且该系统的完整性增强了链球菌的适应性。我们的研究结果表明，米氏链球菌可能是副流感嗜血杆菌体内 NAD 的来源，并且在体外也能引发类似于体内观察到的副流感嗜血杆菌的碳利用模式。我们的发现描述了健康龈上斑块中两种最丰富和最常见的成员之间的机制相互作用，这有助于它们在体内的存活。
