巴西亚马逊地区血库医护人员耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的分子流行病学研究。
Molecular epidemiology of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus species in healthcare workers of a blood bank in the Brazilian Amazon.
机构信息
Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas - HEMOAM, Manaus, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM, Manaus, Brazil.
出版信息
BMC Microbiol. 2021 Nov 4;21(1):306. doi: 10.1186/s12866-021-02365-1.
BACKGROUND
Healthcare workers are susceptible to colonization by multiresistant bacteria, which can increase the risk of outbreaks.
METHODS
Samples were collected from the nasopharynx, hands, and lab coats of healthcare workers. The phenotypic identification was carried out using a VITEK®2 rapid test system. PCR tests for the mecA gene and the sequencing of the amplicons were performed. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus phylogenies were reconstructed using the Bayesian inference.
RESULTS
A total of 225 healthcare workers participated in this study. Of these, 21.3% were male and 78.7% female. S. epidermidis and S.aureus showed high levels of resistance to penicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline and cefoxitin. The prevalence of methicillin resistant S. aureus was 3.16% and methicillin resistant S. epidermidis was 100%. Multilocus sequence typing identified 23 new S. epidermidis sequence types, and one new allele and sequence type for S. aureus. The frequency of methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis in nursing and hemotherapy technicians as a percentage of the total number of healthcare workers was 5.8-3.1%, while the frequency of methicillin resistant S. aureus in hemotherapy technicians and biomedics, as a percentage of the total number of healthcare workers was 4.2-8.9%%.
CONCLUSIONS
The healthcare workers at the city's blood bank, even when taking the necessary care with their hands, body and clothes, harbour methicillin-resistant S. aureus and S. epidermidis sequence types, which, as a potential source of multidrug resistant bacteria, can contribute to nosocomial infections among hematological patients.
背景
医护人员易被多药耐药菌定植，从而增加暴发的风险。
方法
采集医护人员鼻咽部、手部和实验服样本。采用 VITEK®2 快速检测系统进行表型鉴定。进行 mecA 基因 PCR 检测和扩增子测序。使用贝叶斯推断重建表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的系统发育树。
结果
共有 225 名医护人员参与了这项研究。其中 21.3%为男性，78.7%为女性。表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素、氨苄西林、红霉素、四环素和头孢西丁高度耐药。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的流行率为 3.16%，耐甲氧西林表皮葡萄球菌的流行率为 100%。多位点序列分型确定了 23 种新的表皮葡萄球菌序列类型，以及一种新的金黄色葡萄球菌等位基因和序列类型。护理和血液化疗技术人员中耐甲氧西林表皮葡萄球菌占医护人员总数的百分比为 5.8-3.1%，而血液化疗技术人员和生物医学技术人员中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌占医护人员总数的百分比为 4.2-8.9%。
结论
该市血库的医护人员，即使对手、身体和衣服进行了必要的护理，仍携带耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌序列类型，作为多药耐药菌的潜在来源，可能导致血液系统患者的医院感染。
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