Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.
Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Feb 20;808:152131. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152131. Epub 2021 Dec 2.
The study investigates the fate of 20 contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in two full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) based on the Biodenipho™ (WWTP 1) and anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (WWTP 2) processes. Samples of both the dissolved and solid phases (particulate and sludge) from all the wastewater and sludge processing-related units were studied using the mass balance approach to understand the distribution of CECs. The total mass load removal efficiency for anti-inflammatory (4), antibiotics (4), and hormones (5) was 76, 46, 93%, and 72, 38, 90% from WWTP 1 and 2, respectively. The mass load analysis showed that 8.3 kg and 6.5 kg of targeted contaminants enter the treatment plants per day while 0.35 kg and 0.32 kg are discharged along with effluent, and 1.5 g and 7.7 g (dry weight) are released through sludge in WWTP 1 and 2, respectively. Both biodegradation and sorption mechanisms depended on the redox conditions. Ammonia oxidizing conditions favoured the most for the biotransformation, followed by anaerobic and nitrate-reducing conditions. The study stresses the need for separate redox conditions for optimum removal of CECs and advanced tertiary treatment to remove recalcitrant compounds. The results help better understand the removal mechanisms of the CECs in BNR treatment.
本研究基于 Biodenipho™（WWTP1）和厌氧-缺氧-好氧（WWTP2）工艺，调查了 20 种新兴关注污染物（CECs）在两座全规模污水处理厂中的归宿。采用质量平衡法研究了所有废水和污泥处理相关单元的溶解相和固相等样品（颗粒相和污泥相），以了解 CECs 的分布情况。从 WWTP1 和 WWTP2 中，抗炎药（4 种）、抗生素（4 种）和激素（5 种）的总质量负荷去除效率分别为 76%、46%、93%和 72%、38%、90%。质量负荷分析表明，每天有 8.3 公斤和 6.5 公斤的目标污染物进入处理厂，而有 0.35 公斤和 0.32 公斤随废水排出，有 1.5 克和 7.7 克（干重）分别通过 WWTP1 和 WWTP2 的污泥释放。生物转化最有利于氨氧化条件，其次是厌氧和硝酸盐还原条件。该研究强调需要单独的氧化还原条件，以实现 CECs 的最佳去除和先进的三级处理，以去除难降解化合物。研究结果有助于更好地理解 BNR 处理中 CECs 的去除机制。
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