种族和民族因素在冠心病和脑卒中患者中的考虑：美国心脏病学会焦点研讨会 3/9。
Race and Ethnicity Considerations in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and Stroke: JACC Focus Seminar 3/9.
机构信息
Center for the Study of Adversity and Cardiovascular Disease (NURTURE Center), Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
出版信息
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021 Dec 14;78(24):2483-2492. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.05.051.
Notable racial and ethnic differences and disparities exist in coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke epidemiology and outcomes despite substantial advances in these fields. Racial and ethnic minority subgroups remain underrepresented in population data and clinical trials contributing to incomplete understanding of these disparities. Differences in traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes play a role; however, disparities in care provision and process, social determinants of health including socioeconomic position, neighborhood environment, sociocultural factors, and racial discrimination within and outside of the health care system also drive racial and ethnic CAD and stroke disparities. Improved culturally congruent and competent communication about risk factors and symptoms is also needed. Opportunities to achieve improved and equitable outcomes in CAD and stroke must be identified and pursued.
尽管在冠心病和中风的流行病学和结果方面取得了重大进展，但在这些领域仍然存在显著的种族和民族差异和不平等。在人口数据和临床试验中，少数民族群体的代表性仍然不足，导致对这些差异的认识不完整。传统心血管危险因素（如高血压和糖尿病）的差异起一定作用；然而，在医疗保健系统内外，医疗服务提供和流程、健康的社会决定因素（包括社会经济地位、社区环境、社会文化因素）方面的差异也导致了冠心病和中风的种族和民族差异。还需要改进关于风险因素和症状的文化上一致和有能力的沟通。必须确定并争取实现冠心病和中风方面得到改善和公平的结果的机会。
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